chem

What are Carbohydrates?

• Proteins used for energy

• Organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, primarily used for energy

• Fats used for long-term energy storage

• DNA components

Which of the following is NOT a classification of carbohydrates?

• Monosaccharides

• Polysaccharides

• Lipids

• Oligosaccharides

What is an example of a monosaccharide?

• Glucose

• Starch

• Lactose

• Glycogen

Which is true about aldoses and ketoses?

• Aldoses contain a ketone group

• Ketoses contain an aldehyde group

• Aldoses contain an aldehyde group

• Both contain an aldehyde group

What is stereoisomerism in monosaccharides?

• The ability to form polysaccharides

• The ability to change shape based on temperature

• The presence of multiple forms that differ in spatial arrangement

• The ability to absorb light differently

What is the main purpose of glycolysis?

• To convert glucose to pyruvate, producing energy in the form of ATP

• To convert pyruvate into glucose

• To synthesize fatty acids

• To break down proteins

In glycolysis, the preparatory phase consumes ATP. Which molecule is phosphorylated during this phase?

• Pyruvate

• Glucose

• ADP

• NADH

What happens during the payoff phase of glycolysis?

• ATP and NADH are consumed

• ATP is produced, and NADH is generated

• Glucose is converted into fatty acids

• No energy is produced

What is the role of phosphofructokinase in glycolysis?

• To convert glucose into glucose-6-phosphate

• To convert fructose-6-phosphate into fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

• To generate NADH

• To break down pyruvate

What is gluconeogenesis?

• The breakdown of glucose to generate ATP

• The synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors

• The process of breaking down fatty acids

• The breakdown of proteins into amino acids