Individual Factor

What is motivation?

• A visible force that influences consumer behavior

• A construct representing an inner force that compels behavior

• A theory explaining why people purchase luxury items

• A marketing strategy used to attract consumers

According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which need must be satisfied first?

• Esteem Needs

• Self-Actualization

• Physiological Needs

• Love and Belonging

Which of the following is NOT an example of products that satisfy safety needs?

• Insurance

• Smoke detectors

• Health food

• Burglar alarms

According to McClelland's Theory of Needs, which of the following describes individuals with a high need for achievement?

• They seek power and dominance over others

• They prefer to work in teams and seek social approval

• They take calculated risks and value feedback

• They are highly dependent on others for decisions

What happens when individuals successfully achieve their goals, according to the dynamics of motivation?

• They lose motivation completely

• They set new and higher goals

• They stop making purchasing decisions

• Their needs remain unchanged

Which of the following statements best defines personality?

• A temporary characteristic that influences consumer decisions

• A set of inner psychological traits that determine and reflect behavior

• A marketing strategy used to manipulate consumers

• A theory that explains short-term behavior changes

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of personality?

• Personality is consistent and enduring

• Personality is the same for all individuals

• Personality can change due to life events

• Personality reflects individual differences

According to Freudian Theory, which component of personality represents societal morals and values?

• Id

• Ego

• Superego

• Conscious mind

Which of the following personality traits from the Big Five Model is associated with being social and energetic?

• Conscientiousness

• Neuroticism

• Extraversion

• Agreeableness

How does self-concept influence consumer behavior?

• Consumers always choose the most affordable products

• Consumers prefer brands that align with their self-identity and values

• Self-concept has no impact on purchasing behavior

• Consumers buy only what is marketed to them aggressively