Human Learning - OC - Reinforcement Schedules

What type of conditioning cannot explain voluntary, controlled behaviors?

• Classical Conditioning

• Operant Conditioning

• Observational Learning

• Insight Learning

Explain how trial and error learning works according to the image.

• Trial and error learning involves trying different solutions until one works.

• Trial and error learning is based on observing others.

• Trial and error learning requires no feedback.

• Trial and error learning is a form of innate behavior.

What was placed outside the 'puzzle box' along with the hungry cat in Thorndike's experiment?

• A mouse

• A fish

• A bird

• A toy

How could the cat escape from the 'puzzle box' in Thorndike's experiment?

• By pressing a lever

• By meowing loudly

• By scratching the walls

• By waiting patiently

What was the reward for the cat when it accidentally pressed the lever and the door opened?

• A toy

• Freedom and food

• Another cat

• A treat

What is the Law of Effect as proposed by Thorndike in 1911?

• A principle stating that behaviors followed by satisfying consequences are more likely to recur.

• A theory suggesting that all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment.

• A concept that emphasizes the role of reinforcement in learning.

• A hypothesis that learning occurs through observation and imitation.

According to the Law of Effect, when a behavior is followed by a satisfying consequence, what is likely to happen?

• The behavior is weakened

• The behavior is strengthened

• The behavior is unchanged

• The behavior is ignored

In operant conditioning, Skinner called responses:

• Reinforcements

• Punishments

• Operant Responses

• Stimuli

What are the three phases in Skinner's (1938) Three Phase Model of Operant Conditioning?

• A) Stimulus, Operant Response, Consequences

• B) Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence

• C) Action, Reaction, Result

Positive reinforcement in operant conditioning is:

• a method to increase behavior by adding a positive stimulus

• a method to decrease behavior by adding a negative stimulus

• a method to increase behavior by removing a negative stimulus

• a method to decrease behavior by removing a positive stimulus