What was a major reason for maintaining interest in renewable power sources in the 1980s?

• Technological advancements

• Oil price stability

• Increased coal reserves

• Global warming

Answer explanation

In the 1980s, global warming became a significant concern, driving interest in renewable power sources as alternatives to fossil fuels, which contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. This awareness spurred research and investment in renewables.

Which conference in 1997 addressed the issue of rising global temperatures?

• Rio Summit

• Copenhagen Conference

• Kyoto Conference

• Paris Agreement

Answer explanation

The Kyoto Conference in 1997 was specifically focused on addressing global warming and establishing legally binding commitments for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, making it the correct choice.

Which three countries were leaders in producing the Copenhagen Accord?

• India, Russia, UK

• Brazil, Canada, China

• Germany, Japan, USA

• USA, China, India

Answer explanation

The Copenhagen Accord was primarily driven by the USA, China, and India, who played key roles in negotiations and commitments, making them the leading countries in its production.

What is a significant advantage of renewable power sources once installed?

• Complex maintenance

• Dependence on fossil fuels

• Free energy supply

• High operational costs

Answer explanation

A significant advantage of renewable power sources, once installed, is the free energy supply they provide. Unlike fossil fuels, renewables harness natural resources like sunlight and wind, leading to minimal ongoing costs.

Which of the following is NOT an intermittent renewable energy source?

• Geothermal energy

• Wind energy

• Wave energy

• Hydroelectric energy

Answer explanation

Geothermal energy is a continuous renewable energy source, unlike wind, wave, and hydroelectric energy, which are intermittent and depend on environmental conditions.

What is the primary method of converting wave energy into electricity?

• Solar panels

• Hydraulic systems

• Wind turbines

• Geothermal plants

Answer explanation

Hydraulic systems are designed to convert wave energy into electricity by harnessing the movement of water. This makes them the primary method for this energy conversion, unlike solar panels, wind turbines, or geothermal plants.

What is the main challenge in wave energy conversion?

• Limited geographical locations

• High costs of installation

• Variable-frequency wave motion

• Complexity of maintenance

Answer explanation

The main challenge in wave energy conversion is variable-frequency wave motion, which makes it difficult to efficiently harness energy due to the inconsistent nature of waves, impacting the reliability of energy output.

What is the typical capacity range for small wave energy conversion devices?

• 1–10 kW

• 1–5 MW

• 5–500 kW

• 100–1000 kW

Answer explanation

Small wave energy conversion devices typically have a capacity range of 5–500 kW, making this the correct choice. This range allows for effective energy generation while being suitable for smaller applications.

What is the primary advantage of wind energy over wave energy?

• Higher efficiency

• More predictable output

• Lower installation costs

• Wider geographical availability

Answer explanation

Wind energy has a primary advantage of wider geographical availability compared to wave energy, as wind resources can be harnessed in many locations, while wave energy is limited to coastal areas.

What is the main characteristic of tidal energy?

• Dependent on seasonal changes

• Requires constant sunlight

• More predictable than wind

• Highly variable

Answer explanation

Tidal energy is generated by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun, making it more predictable than wind energy, which can be highly variable and less reliable due to changing weather conditions.