CCHS16q The Columbian Exchange: Crash Course History of Science

What was the primary reason European explorers sought out the New World after 1400?

• To establish new religions

• To escape from Europe

• To gain trade advantages

• To find new spices

Which European explorer sailed to the Indian Ocean from Europe by way of Africa’s Cape of Good Hope in 1497?

• Vasco da Gama

• Marco Polo

• Ferdinand Magellan

• Christopher Columbus

What was the main focus of the scientific expeditions sent by Philip II to the Americas?

• Geographical, botanical, and medical information

• Alchemy and astrology

• Astronomy and physics

• Mathematics and engineering

What was the primary agricultural focus of European explorers in the New World?

• Finding new animal species

• Discovering new plant specimens

• Mining for gold

• Building new settlements

What was a major consequence of the Columbian Exchange in terms of disease?

• Americans had immunity to European diseases

• Eurasians developed immunity to smallpox

• Smallpox devastated native populations in the Americas

• Europeans were unaffected by American diseases

What practice did Cotton Mather learn from his slave Onesimus?

• Vaccination

• Variolation

• Surgery

• Herbal medicine

What was the economic metaphor used to describe the movement of people, plants, animals, germs, ideas, and technologies between the Americas and Eurasia?

• The Columbian Exchange

• The Great Trade

• The Atlantic Swap

• The Global Market

What was the role of museums in Europe following the Age of Exploration?

• To display only European artifacts

• To serve as centers for religious gatherings

• To act as military headquarters

• To catalog and display new knowledge from the New World

What was the philosophical difference in exploration between European and Chinese explorers?

• Europeans respected political boundaries

• Chinese explorers focused on scientific research

• Europeans did not recognize other states’ claims to territories

• Chinese explorers sought to conquer new lands

What was a significant impact of the Columbian Exchange on European diets?

• Introduction of new spices

• Increased consumption of seafood

• Decrease in meat consumption

• Introduction of new staple crops like potatoes and tomatoes