10

What is defined as the replacement of one total blood volume in 24 hours?

• Hypocalcaemia

• Acute sepsis

• Massive transfusion

• Transfusion-Associated Circulatory Overload

What can cause hypothermia during massive transfusion?

• Citrate toxicity

• High blood volume

• Infection

• Transfusion of cold RBCs

What is a potential consequence of citrate toxicity?

• Hypercalcaemia

• Hypocalcaemia

• Decreased blood volume

• Increased blood pressure

Which group of patients is at higher risk for Transfusion-Associated Circulatory Overload (TACO)?

• Young adults

• Pregnant women

• Healthy individuals

• Athletes

What should be done if TACO occurs?

• Put the patient in a supine position

• Increase transfusion rate

• Administer diuretics

• Continue transfusion

What type of bacteria is commonly associated with transfusion-related infections?

• Yersinia enterocolitica

• Escherichia coli

• Staphylococcus aureus

• Streptococcus pneumoniae

What is a symptom of transfusion of heavily contaminated blood?

• Nausea

• Decreased heart rate

• High fever

• Low blood pressure

What is one method to prevent contamination during blood collection?

• Collecting blood in open containers

• Using a larger needle

• Aseptic technique

• Using expired blood bags

What temperature should blood be stored at to prevent bacterial growth?

• 0 - 2 °C

• 10 - 15 °C

• 2 - 6 °C

• 6 - 10 °C

What should be inspected before transfusion of platelets?

• Color and temperature

• Volume and weight

• Discoloration and foaming

• Expiration date