Earth History

Which two types of organisms both survived the mass extinction that occurred at the end of the Permian Period?

• trilobites and nautiloids

• corals and vascular plants

• placoderm fish and graptolites

• gastropods and eurypterids

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

According to the fossil record, which sequence correctly represents the evolution of life on Earth?

• fish → amphibians → mammals → soft-bodied organisms

• fish → soft-bodied organisms → mammals → amphibians

• soft-bodied organisms → amphibians → fish → mammals

• soft-bodied organisms → fish → amphibians → mammals

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Which graptolite from the data table would best serve as an Early Ordovician index fossil?

• Climacograptus

• Clonograptus

• Didymograptus

• Goniograptus

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Volcanic ash can be used as a time marker to correlate rock layers because the ash

• is deposited rapidly over a large area

• represents a buried erosional surface

• forms intrusive igneous rock

• cuts across rock layers

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

The youngest rock unit shown in the cross section is

• breccia

• conglomerate

• sandstone

• shale

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

The cross section below shows four rock units, A, B, C, and D. Which rock unit is youngest in age?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

State the name of the sedimentary rock layer that was the last to form before unconformity XY.

• Layer A

• Layer B

• Layer C

• Layer D

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Which geologic principle could be used to support the inference that rock layers A through D experienced crustal movement?

• original horizontality

• crosscutting relationships

• superposition

• contact metamorphism

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

The cross section below represents sedimentary rock layers A, B, and C. An igneous intrusion is labeled D. Line E represents a fault. Overturning has not occurred. Which events occurred after the formation of rock layer A?

• igneous intrusion D and faulting at E

• deposition of sediments in rock layers B and C

• faulting at E and deposition of sediments in rock layer C

• formation of sedimentary rock layer B and igneous intrusion D

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Identify, by letter, the only rock unit that remains in the original position in which the rock-forming sediments were deposited.

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4