Unit 4 Vocabulary

Which of the following best defines "fugitive"?

• A person who is employed by the government to enforce laws and maintain order within a community.

• A person who is running away or trying to escape, usually from the law or danger.

• A person who is a respected member of society, known for their honesty and adherence to the law, and who actively participates in community affairs.

• A person who is engaged in a peaceful protest, advocating for social or political change, and who is actively working to improve the lives of others.

Which of the following accurately describes the Compromise of 1850?

• A treaty signed between the United States and Mexico, establishing the border between the two countries and resolving territorial disputes that had arisen after the Mexican-American War.

• A set of laws passed to settle arguments between free and slave states. It allowed California to be a free state, made stricter fugitive slave laws, and let some new territories decide if they wanted slavery.

• A series of economic policies enacted by the federal government to promote industrial growth and development in the northern states, while simultaneously restricting agricultural expansion in the southern states.

• An agreement between the United States and several European powers, aimed at preventing further colonization of the African continent and promoting free trade among nations.

Which of the following accurately defines the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850?

• A law that granted citizenship to all formerly enslaved people, guaranteeing them equal rights and protections under the law, and providing them with land and resources to rebuild their lives.

• A law that forced people in free states to help capture and return escaped enslaved people to their owners. It made it illegal to help fugitives escape.

• A law that established a system of public education for all children, regardless of race or social status, and provided funding for the construction of schools and the training of teachers.

• A law that abolished slavery in the District of Columbia and prohibited the slave trade in all territories acquired by the United States, effectively restricting the expansion of slavery.

Which of the following best defines "popular sovereignty"?

• The principle that the federal government has supreme authority over all state governments, allowing it to override state laws and policies that are deemed unconstitutional or detrimental to the nation.

• The idea that people in a new territory should vote and decide for themselves if they want slavery.

• The belief that a monarch or ruling elite has absolute power and authority, and that the people have no right to participate in government or challenge the decisions of their rulers.

• The concept that all citizens are equal before the law and have the right to a fair trial, regardless of their race, religion, or social status, and that the government must protect these rights.

Which of the following accurately describes the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

• A law that established a national bank and a uniform currency, aimed at stabilizing the economy and promoting economic growth, and regulated interstate commerce to prevent monopolies.

• A law that let the people of Kansas and Nebraska vote on whether to allow slavery. It led to violence between pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups.

• A law that granted women the right to vote in national elections, marking a significant step towards gender equality and empowering women to participate in the democratic process.

• A law that created a system of national parks and protected wilderness areas, aimed at preserving natural resources and promoting conservation, and established environmental regulations.

Which of the following accurately defines the Civil War?

• A conflict between two or more nations, typically involving large-scale military operations and resulting in significant casualties and destruction, and often driven by territorial disputes or ideological differences.

• A war between people in the same country. In the U.S., the Civil War (1861–1865) was fought between the North and the South over slavery and other issues.

• A series of international treaties and agreements, aimed at promoting peace and cooperation among nations, and resolving conflicts through diplomacy and negotiation, rather than military force.

• A period of economic prosperity and social progress, characterized by technological innovation, industrial growth, and cultural development, and marked by a decline in social inequality and political instability.

Which of the following best defines "secession"?

• The process of integrating different groups or communities into a unified society, promoting social harmony and cultural exchange, and eliminating barriers to equality and inclusion.

• When a state leaves a country. In the U.S., Southern states seceded from the Union to form their own country, leading to the Civil War.

• The act of forming a political alliance or coalition, bringing together different groups or parties to achieve common goals, and working together to influence government policy and decision-making.

• The establishment of a democratic government, based on the principles of popular sovereignty and representative democracy, and ensuring that all citizens have the right to participate in government and hold their leaders accountable.

Which of the following best defines "emancipate"?

• To subject someone to strict control and authority, denying them basic rights and freedoms, and treating them as property or possessions.

• To free someone from control or slavery. Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation freed enslaved people in the South.

• To provide someone with education and training, empowering them with knowledge and skills, and enabling them to achieve their full potential and contribute to society.

• To confine someone to a restricted area or location, limiting their movement and preventing them from interacting with others, and isolating them from the outside world.

Which of the following accurately describes the time "Reconstruction"?

• A period of widespread poverty, unemployment, and crime, and marked by a decline in living standards and a rise in social inequality.

• The time after the Civil War (1865–1877) when the U.S. worked to rebuild the South and give rights to formerly enslaved people.

• A series of military campaigns and battles, aimed at expanding the territory of a nation and conquering new lands, and resulting in the subjugation of indigenous populations and the establishment of colonies.

• A period of scientific discovery and technological innovation, characterized by groundbreaking inventions and advancements in medicine, communication, and transportation, and leading to significant improvements in quality of life.

Which of the following accurately describes the 13th Amendment?

• A change to the U.S. Constitution that granted women the right to vote in national elections, marking a significant step towards gender equality and empowering women to participate in the democratic process.

• A change to the U.S. Constitution that officially ended slavery in the country.

• A change to the U.S. Constitution that established a national bank and a uniform currency, aimed at stabilizing the economy and promoting economic growth, and regulated interstate commerce.

• A change to the U.S. Constitution that guaranteed freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition, protecting the fundamental rights of all citizens.