Covalent Bonding

What is a covalent bond?

• A type of bond where atoms transfer electrons.

• A type of bond where two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons.

• A bond that occurs between metals and nonmetals.

• A bond that involves the attraction between charged ions.

Why do atoms covalently bond?

• To achieve a full outer energy level, which increases their stability.

• To form ionic bonds with other atoms.

• To create free radicals that enhance reactivity.

• To increase their mass and size.

How does a covalent bond affect the properties of a substance?

• Covalent bonding increases the melting and boiling points of a substance.

• Covalent bonding has no effect on the solubility of a substance.

• Covalent bonding can affect the melting and boiling points, solubility, and electrical conductivity of a substance.

• Covalent bonding decreases the electrical conductivity of a substance.

What is the octet rule in relation to covalent bonding?

• Atoms tend to bond in such a way that they each have eight electrons in their outer shell.

• Atoms can have any number of electrons in their outer shell without bonding.

• Atoms bond only to achieve a full outer shell of ten electrons.

• Atoms do not bond based on the number of electrons in their outer shell.

Can covalent bonds form between metals?

• Yes, covalent bonds can form between metals.

• No, covalent bonds primarily form between nonmetals.

• Covalent bonds can form between metals and nonmetals.

• Covalent bonds do not exist in metals.

What is the significance of having room for electrons in covalent bonding?

• It allows atoms to share electrons and form stable molecules.

• It ensures that atoms can repel each other effectively.

• It prevents the formation of ionic bonds between atoms.

• It allows each atom to have room for an electron in its outer energy level.

Give an example of a covalent compound.

• Water (H2O)

• Sodium chloride (NaCl)

• Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)

• Iron oxide (Fe2O3)

What is a diatomic molecule?

• A molecule composed of two atoms, which can be of the same or different elements.

• A molecule that consists of three atoms of the same element.

• A molecule that contains only one atom.

• A molecule that is made up of four different elements.

What is a shared electron?

• An electron that is free and not bound to any atom.

• An electron that is involved in a covalent bond, being shared between two atoms.

• An electron that is only found in ionic bonds.

• An electron that is part of a neutron.

What types of elements typically form covalent bonds?

• Metals

• Nonmetals

• Noble gases

• Alkali metals