Chapter 6.2 Review

What is the basic unit of heredity in living organisms?

• mRNA

• Gene

• Ribosome

• Codon

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Which molecule carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

• DNA

What is the complementary base pair for adenine in DNA?

• Cytosine

• Thymine

• Guanine

• Uracil

Which process involves the synthesis of mRNA from a DNA template?

• Translation

• Transcription

• Replication

• Mutation

What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?

• Peptide bond

• Ionic bond

• Hydrogen bond

• Covalent bond

Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

• Thymine

• Uracil

• Adenine

• Guanine

What is the role of ribosomes in the cell?

• DNA replication

• Protein synthesis

• Lipid synthesis

• Carbohydrate breakdown

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Which of the following is a sequence of three nucleotides that corresponds to a specific amino acid?

• Anticodon

• Codon

• Gene

• Exon

What is the function of an anticodon?

• It binds to the mRNA codon during translation.

• It initiates DNA replication.

• It forms the backbone of DNA.

• It catalyzes peptide bond formation.

Explain the difference between transcription and translation.

• Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm, while translation occurs in the nucleus.

• Transcription involves DNA synthesis, while translation involves RNA synthesis.

• Transcription is the process of copying DNA to RNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from RNA.

• Transcription and translation are the same processes.