Ecosystem Relationships and Stability

1.  A bee and a flower work together to benefit each other. This is an example of _________________. The bee helps the flower by pollinating it and the flower helps the bee by providing it with nectar. 

• commensal relationship 
• parasitic relationship 
• mutual relationship 

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A coyote captures, kills, and eats a rabbit. What type of symbiotic relationship is this?

• mutualism
• commensalism
• parasitism
• predation

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Clown fish live among anemones, acting as a lure for the sea anemone's prey. The clown fish get protection and shelter from the anemone. This is an example of which type of symbiosis?

• Commensalism

• Mutualism

• Parasitism

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Mockingbirds will push the eggs out of a blue bird's nest and use the nest for it's own babies illustrating...

• commensalism

• parasitism

• mutualism

• predation

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Increased global temperatures resulting from increased carbon dioxide levels in the

atmosphere have caused significant disruption to ecosystem stability. The diagram shows

the carbon cycle. Which source corresponds to the greatest cause of increased global

temperatures?

• Carbonate rocks

• Carbon in marine sediments

• Fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas)

• Dissolved CO2

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How does this relationship between clownfish and sea anemones contribute to ecosystem

stability?

• It helps maintain biodiversity by allowing both species to survive in their habitat,

  supporting the balance of the coral reef ecosystem.

• It causes a decrease in fish populations by limiting the resources available to other

  marine organisms.

• It disrupts ecosystem stability by making sea anemones overly dependent on

  clownfish for nutrients.

• It leads to competition between clownfish and other marine species, reducing overall

  species diversity.

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How does commensalism relate to ecosystem stability?

• Commensalism supports a stable ecosystem by benefiting both organisms in the

  relationship.

• Commensalism supports a stable ecosystem by benefiting one organism without

  harming the other organism.

• Commensalism creates an unstable ecosystem by causing harm to one organism and

  benefiting the other organism.

• Commensalism creates an unstable ecosystem by harming both organisms in the

  relationship.

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Which of the following BEST describes how introducing an invasive species affects

biodiversity in an ecosystem?

• Introducing an invasive species increases biodiversity because invasive species

  contribute to nutrient cycling.

• Introducing an invasive species decreases biodiversity because invasive species

  compete with native species for resources.

• Introducing an invasive species decreases biodiversity because invasive species cause

  habitat fragmentation.

• Introducing an invasive species increases biodiversity because invasive species help

  form a climax community.

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Ocean acidification occurs as excess carbon dioxide lowers ocean pH, making seawater more

acidic. This disrupts marine biodiversity by harming species that rely on calcium carbonate,

such as corals and shellfish, leading to food web imbalances and habitat loss. As species

struggle to survive, ecosystem stability declines, threatening marine life and human

communities that rely on the ocean.

How does ocean acidification affect biodiversity?

• Increasingly acidic seawater causes shellfish to expend less energy removing calcium

  carbonate to build their skeletons, therefore increasing biodiversity.

• It weakens corals, therefore decreasing biodiversity.

• Ocean acidification causes shellfish populations to increase, therefore increasing

  biodiversity.

• Increasingly acidic seawater causes shellfish to expend more energy removing calcium

  carbonate to build their skeletons, therefore decreasing biodiversity.

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A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unharmed...

• Mutualism 
• Competition
• Parasitsm 
• Commensalism