Radiation Biology and Effects Quiz

What is the basic functional unit of all plants and animals?

• Atom

• Molecule

• Cell

• Tissue

What percentage of the human body is composed of water?

• 50%

• 60%

• 70%

• ~80%

What is the most radiosensitive target molecule in a human cell?

• RNA

• Proteins

• DNA

• Lipids

Meiosis affects which type of cells?

• Somatic cells

• Genetic cells

• Epithelial cells

• Muscle cells

When a cell is NOT undergoing mitosis or meiosis, it is in:

• Prophase

• Interphase

• Metaphase

• Cytokinesis

In which phase is chromosome damage from radiation typically observed?

• Interphase

• Prophase

• Metaphase

• Telophase

The probability of a radiation “hit” increases with:

• Low oxygen and low LET

• High oxygen and high LET

• Low oxygen and high LET

• High oxygen and low LET

In which phase of the cell cycle are human cells MOST radiosensitive?

• G1 phase

• S phase

• G2 phase

• M phase

Which type of radioactive particle has the highest LET?

• Beta particles

• Gamma rays

• X-rays

• Alpha particles

Compared to low-LET radiation, the mean lethal dose for high-LET radiation is:

• Higher

• Lower or the same

• The same for all types of radiation

• Unrelated to LET