topic 6 pt 3-5

What is the result of adding PSPs together algebraically?

• Grand PSP

• Minor PSP

• Simple PSP

• Basic PSP

What is spatial summation?

• PSPs arriving simultaneously from different pre-synaptic cells

• PSPs arriving over time from a single pre-synaptic cell

• PSPs arriving from a single post-synaptic cell

• PSPs arriving simultaneously from the same pre-synaptic cell

What is temporal summation?

• PSPs arriving over time from a single pre-synaptic cell

• PSPs arriving simultaneously from different pre-synaptic cells

• PSPs arriving from multiple post-synaptic cells

• PSPs arriving simultaneously from the same pre-synaptic cell

Where does the axon leave the cell body?

• Axon hillock

• Dendrite

• Synapse

• Soma

What triggers the opening of voltage-gated Na⁺ channels in the hillock?

• Depolarization of the cell body

• Hyperpolarization of the cell body

• Repolarization of the cell body

• Resting potential of the cell body

What is the large depolarization called when Na⁺ influx occurs?

• Action potential

• Resting potential

• Hyperpolarization

• Threshold potential

What happens to Na⁺ channels after depolarization?

• They close

• They open wider

• They become inactive

• They remain open

What is the process called when K⁺ rushes out of the cell?

• Repolarization

• Depolarization

• Hyperpolarization

• Action potential

What maintains the concentration gradients of Na⁺ and K⁺?

• Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase

• Voltage-gated Na⁺ channels

• Voltage-gated K⁺ channels

• Axon hillock

What would happen if concentration gradients were completely eliminated?

• Na⁺ and K⁺ would be unable to flow into or out of the axon

• Na⁺ and K⁺ would flow freely into and out of the axon

• Only Na⁺ would flow into the axon

• Only K⁺ would flow out of the axon