1920s and Great Depression Terms

Fireside Chats

• a series of evening radio addresses given by Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd President of the United States, between 1933 and 1944.

• a collection of written speeches by Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States, during the early 1900s.

• weekly television broadcasts by John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States, in the 1960s.

• public addresses delivered by Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, during the Civil War.

Causes of the Great Depression

• People over speculated on stocks, using borrowed money that they could not repay when stock prices crashed.

• The Federal Reserve’s poor monetary policies contributed to the collapse of the banking system.

• High tariffs discouraged international trade.

• The introduction of the income tax led to decreased consumer spending.

Improved Transportation

• Increased availability of the automobile (Henry Ford-Assembly Line)

• Development of the steam engine

• Introduction of the bicycle

• Advancements in horse-drawn carriages

Jazz Age

• a period of time in the early 20th century known for changes in fashion, music, and morals

• a musical genre that originated in the 1950s

• a cultural movement focused on environmentalism

• a decade characterized by the rise of the internet

Aaron Copland

• American composer; Rodeo

• British composer; The Nutcracker

• French composer; Boléro

• German composer; The Ring Cycle

F. Scott Fitzgerald

• American novelist known for his work during the Victorian era

• American playwright famous for his tragedies

• American novelist who captured the Jazz Age in his works; The Great Gatsby

• American poet recognized for his modernist style

George Gershwin

• American composer and pianist; Rhapsody in Blue

• Famous jazz musician known for his trumpet skills

• Renowned classical violinist from the 19th century

• Influential rock guitarist of the 20th century

speakeasy

• illegal saloons that existed during Prohibition

• a type of jazz music popular in the 1920s

• a secret code used by gangsters

• a style of dance from the Roaring Twenties

Harlem Renaissance

• A cultural movement of African-American artists in the 1920s and 30s

• A famous jazz club in New York City

• A literary festival held in Harlem

• A historical event marking the end of segregation

Georgia O'Keeffe

• an artist known for urban scenes and southwest landscapes

• a famous musician from the 20th century

• a renowned author of mystery novels

• a prominent figure in modern architecture