Qualitative Research Summative Test 2 and 3

What do you call the theory when the participant's responses tend to repeat thus, no need to cull out more data?

• Coding Exhaustion

• Data Saturation

• Theoretical Sampling

• Triangulation

Answer explanation

Data Saturation refers to the point in research where additional data collection yields no new insights, as participants' responses become repetitive. This indicates that enough data has been gathered to understand the phenomenon.

What term refers to the standards that must be upheld to protect research participants from harm or risk?

• Data Confidentiality

• Informed Consent

• Peer Review

• Research Ethics

Answer explanation

Research Ethics refers to the standards that ensure the protection of research participants from harm or risk, making it the correct choice. Other options like Informed Consent and Data Confidentiality are important but do not encompass the overall ethical standards.

Which data collection tool serves as a structured spreadsheet or log, enabling the observer to record events and reflections in relation to key research constructs?

• Field Notes

• Interview Guide

• Observation Grid

• Survey Questionnaire

Answer explanation

The Observation Grid is a structured tool that allows observers to systematically record events and reflections related to specific research constructs, making it the correct choice for this question.

Which type of interview follows a predetermined sequence and wording of questions, allowing little flexibility for modifications by the interviewer?

• Focus Group Discussion

• Semi-Structured Interview

• Structured Interview

• Unstructured Interview

Answer explanation

A Structured Interview follows a strict format with a predetermined sequence and wording of questions, allowing minimal flexibility for the interviewer to modify them, making it distinct from other interview types.

What is the process of analyzing data to identify essential information that answers research questions, often described as filtering the data?

• Coding

• Sampling

• Thematizing

• Transcribing

Answer explanation

The process of coding involves analyzing data to identify key themes and patterns that address research questions, effectively filtering the data to extract essential information.

Which type of interview provides the interviewer with full flexibility in question content, sequence, and wording, making it an open and adaptable process?

• Focus Group Discussion

• Semi-Structured Interview

• Structured Interview

• Unstructured Interview

Answer explanation

An unstructured interview allows the interviewer to ask questions freely, adapting the content and sequence based on the conversation, unlike structured or semi-structured interviews which have set formats.

Which type of observation involves the researcher acting as a passive observer, recording participants' behavior without participating in their activities?

• Direct Observation

• Experimental Observation

• Participant Observation

• Structured Observation

Answer explanation

Direct Observation involves the researcher observing and recording behavior without engaging in the activities. This distinguishes it from Participant Observation, where the researcher actively participates.

Which qualitative data analysis method is used to identify, analyze, and report patterns within data?

• Content Analysis

• Discourse Analysis

• Narrative Analysis

• Thematic Analysis

Answer explanation

Thematic Analysis is the method specifically designed to identify, analyze, and report patterns or themes within qualitative data, making it the correct choice among the options provided.

Which writing and formatting style is commonly used in academics for scholarly books and journal articles in the natural and behavioral sciences?

• APA (American Psychological Association)

• Chicago Manual of Style

• Harvard Referencing Style

• MLA (Modern Language Association)

Answer explanation

The APA (American Psychological Association) style is widely used in the natural and behavioral sciences for its clear guidelines on writing and formatting scholarly works, making it the correct choice for this context.

Which writing and formatting style is commonly used in academics for scholarly books and journal articles in the field of humanities and social sciences?

• APA (American Psychological Association)

• Chicago Manual of Style

• Harvard Referencing Style

• MLA (Modern Language Association)

Answer explanation

The Chicago Manual of Style is widely used in the humanities and social sciences for its comprehensive guidelines on writing and formatting scholarly works, making it the correct choice for this context.