Respiratory system

Respiratory epithelium:

• stratified squamous with mucinous cells

• ciliated stratified cuboidal cells

• pseudostratified columnar cells with cilia

• columnar epithelium with goblet cells

This respiratory structure has respiratory epithelium with cartilagenous plates, smooth muscle between the lamina propria and submucosa, some goblet cells, and elastin in the lamina propria.

• Bronchus

• Bronchioles

• Trachea

• Larynx

This respiratory structure has columnar epithelium wither interspersed Clara cells.

• bronchi

• alveolus

• pharynx

• terminal bronchiole

A cluster of alveoli allow air to pass between one another through these.

• fenestrations

• pores of Kohn

• alveolar ducts

• pneumocytes

The sole purpose of this cell is to secrete surfactant.

• Type II pneumocyte

• Goblet cell

• Type I pneumocyte

• Clara cell

This type of cell produces a component of surfactant, can act as a stem cell, and contains enzymes to detoxify the air that arrives in the lower parts of the airway.

• Goblet cells

• Type II pneumocytes

• Clara cells

• Type I pneumocytes

What is true of pneumocytes?

• Type I and Type II can differentiate into one another.

• Type I is the most prominent of the two.

• Type II covers the most surface area.

• None of these are true.

The air-blood barrier serves to...

• propel mucus with trapped particulates toward the pharynx to be expelled or swallowed.

• prevent anything from crossing the basement membrane of the alveolar epithelium.

• allow transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and blood.

• allow the transfer of moisture and heat to the air as it passes into the lower respiratory tract.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

The _____ pleura covers the lungs and are made up of mesothelial cells.

• visceral

• external

• parietal

• mesothelium

This is produced to reduce the surface tension and prevent the collapse of alveoli.

• synovial fluid

• mucus

• lubricating serous fluid

• surfactant