Chapter 4 - Cellular Metabolism

The anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration occur in the __________, and the aerobic reactions of cellular respiration occur in the _________.

• Mitochondria; Cytoplasm

• Cytoplasm; Mitochondria

• Cytoplasm; Nucleus

• Mitochondria; Nucleus

Where do the anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration take place?

• Mitochondria

• Nucleus

• Cytoplasm

• Ribosomes

Releasing the energy in glucose molecules is an example of catabolism.

• True

• False

What nitrogenous base is part of DNA, but not RNA?

• Guanine

• Uracil

• Cytosine

• Thymine

What is a mutation?

• A error in a DNA sequence.

• A genetically beneficial DNA sequence.

• A region of DNA that does not code for a protein.

• A common genetic variation.

What is a genome?

• All DNA sequences within a nucleus.

• All single-stranded nucleic acid chains in a nucleus.

• All proteins that are encoded by genes in a nucleus.

• All protein-encoding genes in a nucleus.

What does the term metabolism refer to?

• The reactions in the body that synthesize proteins and nucleic acids.

• All of the chemical reactions in the body.

• The reactions in the body that break down proteins and nucleic acids.

• The breakdown of glucose molecules to release energy.

Metabolism refers to all of the chemical reactions in a cell.

• False

• True

What is the overall function of cellular respiration?

• To produce glucose molecules that can be used for cellular fuel.

• To produce enzymes and other proteins needed for metabolic processes.

• To release energy from nutrient molecules to be used as cellular energy.

• To use carbon dioxide to produce oxygen molecules.

Why is the process of DNA replication necessary?

• It is during the process of replication that the repair of any damaged regions of the DNA sequence occurs.

• For any protein being produced multiple copies of the encoding gene must be present in the cell. Therefore, multiple copies of the DNA helix are required.

• DNA replication results in the production of mRNA that can then be used to produce protein molecules.

• Each cell that results from cell division will then have a complete set of genetic information.