Graded Notes T12:L7 (Soviet Union)

For almost 30 years, (a)   held more power than any other leader in history.

In 1928, Stalin proposed the first of several (a)   which required all of the country's economic activity be aimed at building heavy industry, improving transportation, and increasing farm output. To achieve these demands, all of the country's economic activity was placed under government control.

The Soviet Union developed a ____ ____, in which government officials made all basic economic decisions. By contrast, in a capitalist system, the free market determines most economic decisions.

(a)  

[In the Soviet Union], _____ _____ was often inefficient, causing shortages of some goods and surpluses of others. Many managers, concerned only with meeting production quotas, turned out large quantitates of low-quality goods.

(a)  

Stalin also brought agriculture under government control. On (a)   , the government provided tractors, fertilizers, and seeds; and taught farming methods. Peasants were allowed to keep their houses and personal belongings, but all farm animals and farming tools were turned over to the State. The State controlled access to farming supplies and set the price for what the goods produced would be sold.

In his efforts to implement collectivized farming, Stalin targeted (a)   , or wealthy farmers, who resisted collectivization by killing farm animals and destroying tools.

In 1929, Stalin declared his intention to " (a)   the kulaks as a class." To this end, the government confiscated their land and sent them to forced labor camps, were thousands were executed.

Angry peasants resisted collectivization by growing just enough food for themselves. In response the government seized all their grain for the cities, purposely leaving the peasants to starve. This ruthless policy combined with poor harvests resulted in the ____ ____, with 5 to 8 million people dying in of starvation in Ukraine alone.

(a)  

The (a)   was the system of the Soviet forced-labor camps. They housed political prisoners as well as actual criminals and became a symbol of political repression in the Soviet Union.

Between 1936 and 1938, Stalin staged a series of spectacular public "____ _____" in Moscow. Former Communist leaders confessed to all kinds of crimes after party officials tortured them or threatened their families.

(a)