Mendelian Genetics Review

What is a Punnett square?

• A diagram used to predict the genotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

• A tool for measuring the height of plants.

• A method for calculating the area of a square.

• A chart for tracking the weather patterns.

What is a dihybrid cross?

• A genetic cross that examines the inheritance of two different traits.

• A genetic cross that examines the inheritance of one trait.

• A genetic cross that involves three different traits.

• A genetic cross that only looks at dominant traits.

What is a dominant trait?

• A trait that is expressed in the phenotype only when two copies of the allele are present.

• A trait that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present.

• A trait that is always recessive and not expressed in the phenotype.

• A trait that can only be inherited from one parent.

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What are alleles?

• Different types of chromosomes found in a cell.

• Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

• The process by which DNA is copied into RNA.

• A type of mutation that occurs in genes.

What is a recessive trait?

• A trait that is always expressed in the phenotype regardless of allele presence.

• A trait that is expressed in the phenotype only when two copies of the allele are present.

• A trait that can be expressed in the phenotype with just one copy of the allele.

• A trait that is never expressed in the phenotype.

What is Mendelian Genetics?

• The study of how traits are inherited through generations, based on the principles established by Gregor Mendel.

• A theory that explains the evolution of species over time.

• The examination of genetic mutations and their effects on organisms.

• A method for cloning organisms using genetic material.

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What is the law of segregation?

• The law of segregation states that during the formation of gametes, the two alleles for a trait separate from each other.

• The law of segregation states that alleles are blended together in the offspring.

• The law of segregation states that traits are inherited independently of one another.

• The law of segregation states that all alleles are expressed equally in the phenotype.

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What is the law of independent assortment?

• The law of independent assortment states that alleles for different traits are distributed to gametes independently of one another.

• The law of independent assortment states that traits are inherited together from parents to offspring.

• The law of independent assortment states that all alleles are expressed in the phenotype of an organism.

• The law of independent assortment states that dominant traits always mask recessive traits.

What is a genotype?

• The physical appearance of an organism.

• The genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses (e.g., AA, Aa, aa).

• The environment in which an organism lives.

• The process of cell division in organisms.

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What does homozygous mean?

• Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., AA or aa).

• Homozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Aa).

• Homozygous refers to having one allele for a particular gene (e.g., A).

• Homozygous refers to the genetic makeup of an organism as a whole.

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