4.2 Application

Mr. Thompson asks his students to sign a petition supporting a school improvement initiative. Later, he asks the same students to volunteer several hours a week for the initiative. Which concept is being demonstrated?

• Foot-in-the-door phenomenon

• Door-in-the-face technique

• Low-ball technique

• Bait-and-switch tactic

Describe a situation where someone's attitude towards environmental conservation influences their daily actions.

• John believes climate change is a serious issue. He consistently recycles, uses public transportation, and advocates for sustainable practices.

• Sarah thinks recycling is unnecessary and often throws away plastic bottles in the trash.

• Mike enjoys driving his car everywhere, regardless of the distance, and rarely considers the impact on the environment.

• Emily supports environmental conservation but does not change her habits, continuing to use single-use plastics.

Sarah believes that all dogs are friendly and loves playing with them. When she sees a stray dog, she immediately approaches it with a smile and a toy. This scenario best illustrates which psychological concept?

• Attitudes

• Cognitive Dissonance

• Social Norms

• Behaviorism

A scientist presents data and research findings to convince a group of doctors to adopt a new medical treatment. This illustrates which form of persuasion?

• Central Route Persuasion

• Peripheral Route Persuasion

• Emotional Appeal

• Social Proof

Explain how a person might experience cognitive dissonance after purchasing an expensive item and how they might resolve that dissonance.

• A person might convince themselves it was a good investment and focus on its positive features.

• A person will immediately return the item to avoid dissonance.

• A person will ignore the problems and continue using the item without concern.

• A person will seek out negative reviews to justify their purchase.

Describe a scenario where central route persuasion would be more effective than peripheral route persuasion.

• When convincing a group of engineers to adopt a new construction method, providing detailed data on its efficiency and safety would be more effective than relying on emotional appeals.

• Using celebrity endorsements to promote a new product to a general audience.

• Creating a visually appealing advertisement to attract customers to a new restaurant.

• Telling a personal story to persuade a friend to join a gym.

A new teacher, Ms. Rodriguez, begins to act more authoritative and structured in her classroom after a few weeks. This change in behavior is likely due to the influence of which concept?

• Role

• Authority

• Structure

• Behaviorism

Michael knows smoking is harmful, but he continues to smoke. To reduce the discomfort, he tells himself that smoking helps him relax and that the risks are exaggerated. This illustrates which theory?

• Cognitive Dissonance Theory

• Behavioral Theory

• Social Learning Theory

• Health Belief Model

Describe how the Stanford Prison Experiment demonstrated the power of roles in influencing behavior.

• The experiment showed that individuals remained unaffected by their assigned roles.

• The experiment revealed that individuals quickly adopted behaviors associated with their roles, even engaging in harmful actions.

• The experiment indicated that roles had no significant impact on behavior.

• The experiment demonstrated that only prisoners were influenced by their roles.

Compare and contrast peripheral route persuasion and central route persuasion, providing an example of each.

• Peripheral Route Persuasion occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as attractiveness. Example: Buying a product because a famous athlete endorses it.

• Central Route Persuasion occurs when people are influenced by emotional appeals. Example: Choosing a product based on its color and packaging.

• Peripheral Route Persuasion involves careful consideration of evidence and arguments. Example: Buying a car after researching its safety ratings.

• Central Route Persuasion is based on superficial cues. Example: Purchasing a product because it is on sale.