Social Networks

Social capital is best described

• Your individual skills and knowledge

• The resources you can access through your connections with others

• The financial assets you possess.

• Your level of formal education.

The term "social networks" originated:

• With the rise of social media platforms like Facebook

• Primarily within mathematical graph theory in the late 20th century.

• In the 1960s

• With the study of organizational behavior in the 21st century.

Social network analysis can be useful for

• Making informal social structures explicit for study

• Predicting stock market fluctuations

• Designing new software applications.

• Calculating an individual's human capital.

In the context of social networks, "degree centrality" refers to

• An individual's ability to bridge different groups.

• The shortest paths between individuals in a network.

• An individual's position as a bottleneck in information flow.

• The density of an individual's ties to others

"Betweenness centrality" in a social network indicates

• Having many direct connections

• Being close in proximity to many others in the network.

• Being part of a cohesive group where everyone knows each other.

• Acting as a bottleneck or bridge between different parts of the network

Implementing divergent organizational change is often best achieved by change agents who

• Are highly popular within a single cohesive group.

• Primarily focus on incremental adjustments

• Bridge different network clusters

• Rely on peer pressure to implement changes.

Implementing nondivergent organizational change is often more successful with change agents who are part of:

• Fragmented networks with many structural holes.

• Networks characterized by low trust among members.

• Networks with high betweenness centrality but low degree centrality.

• Cohesive networks where members are closely connected

A key advantage of an "entrepreneurial (bridging) network" is

• Access to novel and diverse information

• High levels of trust and cooperation within the network.

• Strong peer pressure to conform to norms.

• Facilitating the implementation of non-radical changes.

A characteristic of a "clique (cohesive) network" is

• Many structural holes and disconnected groups.

• Individuals bridging across otherwise unconnected groups.

• Most members being directly linked to each other

• Limited opportunities for career advancement.

“Schmoozing” is

• self-defeating

• highly effective strategy for career success.

• essential for becoming a central figure in any network.

• achieving the best network position