Big Data Basics HCK

What is Big Data?

• Small amount of data

• Very large and complex data

• Data stored in a single computer

• Data used in personal devices

Answer explanation

Big Data refers to very large and complex data sets that cannot be easily managed or processed using traditional data processing tools. This complexity arises from the volume, variety, and velocity of the data.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Big Data?

• Volume

• Variety

• Velocity

• Visibility

Answer explanation

Visibility is not a characteristic of Big Data. The main characteristics are Volume (amount of data), Variety (different types of data), and Velocity (speed of data processing).

What is the main challenge of Big Data?

• Storing large files

• Processing and analyzing large datasets

• Using a single computer for storage

• Sending emails

Answer explanation

The main challenge of Big Data is processing and analyzing large datasets. While storing large files is important, the real difficulty lies in extracting meaningful insights from the vast amounts of data generated.

NoSQL databases are mainly designed for?

• Handling structured data only

• Handling unstructured and semi-structured data

• Handling relational data

• Small-scale applications only

Answer explanation

NoSQL databases are primarily designed to handle unstructured and semi-structured data, making them suitable for diverse data types and flexible schemas, unlike traditional databases that focus on structured, relational data.

Which of the following is a NoSQL database?

• MySQL

• Oracle

• MongoDB

• PostgreSQL

Answer explanation

MongoDB is a NoSQL database that stores data in flexible, JSON-like documents. In contrast, MySQL, Oracle, and PostgreSQL are traditional relational databases that use structured query language (SQL) for data management.

What is the main advantage of NoSQL databases over SQL databases?

• Better support for structured data

• Schema flexibility and scalability

• Less storage requirement

• Slower processing

Answer explanation

The main advantage of NoSQL databases is their schema flexibility and scalability, allowing for dynamic data models and easier handling of large volumes of unstructured data, unlike SQL databases which require a fixed schema.

Which type of NoSQL database is MongoDB?

• Key-Value Store

• Document-Oriented

• Column-Oriented

• Graph Database

Answer explanation

MongoDB is a Document-Oriented NoSQL database, which means it stores data in flexible, JSON-like documents. This allows for easy data retrieval and manipulation, distinguishing it from other types like Key-Value or Column-Oriented databases.

What format does MongoDB use to store data?

• XML

• JSON-like (BSON)

• CSV

• SQL

Answer explanation

MongoDB uses a JSON-like format called BSON (Binary JSON) to store data. This allows for rich data types and efficient storage, making it the correct choice over XML, CSV, or SQL.

What is the primary data structure in MongoDB?

• Table

• Row

• Document

• File

Answer explanation

The primary data structure in MongoDB is a Document. Unlike traditional databases that use tables and rows, MongoDB stores data in flexible, JSON-like documents, allowing for a more dynamic and scalable approach to data management.

In MongoDB, what is a collection?

• A table

• A row

• A document

• A database

Answer explanation

In MongoDB, a collection is analogous to a table in relational databases. It stores multiple documents, which are similar to rows, making 'A table' the correct choice.