Understanding Cell Structure and Functions

Chromosomes

• that contain RNA

• that contain proteins

• that contain DNA

• that contain lipids

RNA

• a type of protein

• a nucleic acid, involved in protein synthesis

• a carbohydrate

• a lipid involved in energy storage

Mitosis

• of the nucleus

• of the cytoplasm

• of the cell membrane

• of the ribosomes

Nucleus

• genetic material (DNA)

• cell membrane

• mitochondria

• ribosomes

Cell Division

• by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells

• the process of a cell growing larger

• the method by which cells communicate with each other

• the stage where a cell prepares for division

Cellular Respiration

• converts glucose into ATP

• breaks down proteins into amino acids

• transforms fats into carbohydrates

• produces oxygen from carbon dioxide

Function of Cell Membrane

• entry and exit of substances

• energy production

• protein synthesis

• cell division

Animal Cell vs Plant Cell

• Animal cells have cell walls and chloroplasts.

• Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts; animal cells do not.

• Animal cells contain chloroplasts but no cell walls.

• Both animal and plant cells have cell walls.

Cell Membrane

• monolayer with no proteins

• bilayer with embedded proteins

• triple layer with carbohydrates

• single layer with cholesterol

Plant Cell Wall

• structure and support

• energy production

• photosynthesis

• cell division