What is one consequence of mass media exposure mentioned in the text?

• Decreased political knowledge

• Reduced educational aspirations

• Lower social status

• Increased agricultural innovativeness

What critique is made about the Western model of modernization?

• It justifies political indoctrination and control

• It promotes democracy effectively

• It encourages cultural diversity

• It enhances freedom of expression

What does the theory of Cultural Imperialism argue?

• Media promotes local cultures over Western ones

• Cultural exchanges are equal among nations

• Western media dominates the cultural landscape

• Global audiences are exposed to diverse media messages

What is 'cultural dependency' as described in the text?

• A strategy for cultural exchange

• A form of electronic colonialism

• A reliance on local media

• A method of promoting local traditions

What was the goal of the New World Information and Communication Order (NWICO)?

• To promote Western media dominance

• To eliminate cultural diversity

• To support authoritarian regimes

• To strengthen national media of the South

What critique is associated with Cultural Pluralism?

• It ignores audience empowerment

• It promotes cultural homogenization

• It overemphasizes the role of the state

• It dismisses the impact of global media firms

What does the homogenization-heterogenization debate address?

• The balance between local and global cultures

• The effectiveness of media in education

• The role of technology in media

• The impact of state control on media

What is a significant effect of cultural imperialism on less developed countries?

• Increased cultural independence

• Desire for Western lifestyles and products

• Strengthened local traditions

• Enhanced political stability

What does the critique of Cultural Pluralism highlight about audience access?

• Media access is irrelevant to cultural exchange

• Access to media is influenced by socio-economic context

• All audiences have equal access to media

• Audiences are always passive consumers

What is one of the consequences of mass media exposure according to Roger's Model?

• Increased isolation

• Lower educational aspirations

• Decreased motivation

• Enhanced empathy