Review 4/2

The model below shows the nitrogen cycle. What organism is missing from the model that

would correctly complete the blank areas?

• Bacteria, which are essential for fixing nitrogen from the atmosphere into a usable form

  for plants.

• Plants, which are essential for fixing nitrogen from the atmosphere into a usable form for

  animals.

• Bacteria, which are essential for releasing nitrogen into the atmosphere for plants to use.

• Plants, which are essential for releasing nitrogen into the atmosphere for plants to use.

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Suppose 10,000 units of energy are available at the level of the grasses. What is

the total number of energy units available by the time energy reaches the

coyote?

• 10,000 units

• 1,000 units

• 100 units

• 10 units

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which statement below best summarizes the likely effects on the carbon cycle of clear‐

cutting, or removing all of the trees, in vast areas in a forest?

• Clear‐cutting would limit the amount of nitrogen‐fixing bacteria in the area.

• Clear‐cutting would increase the amount of carbon dioxide found in the atmosphere.

• Clear‐cutting would reduce the amount of carbon dioxide found in the atmosphere.

• Clear‐cutting would allow for secondary succession of smaller plants and more carbon.

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Bees play a central role in the health of terrestrial ecosystems because they are vital to the pollination of plants. The extinction of bees could cause the collapse of plant-based terrestrial ecosystems. Based on this description, bees can best be described as _______.

• Native species

• Specialist species

• Foundation species

• Keystone species

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The island of Hawaii has active volcanoes that are constantly producing new land, leaving no soil behind. Which of the following choices correctly matches the process that will occur with the first organism that will inhabit land following a volcanic eruption?

• Primary succession & lichen

• Primary succession & grass

• Secondary succession & soil

• Primary succession & grass

Using your knowledge from Genetics- standard 7

In a cross between two heterozygous parents, what is the probability that the offspring will have the dominant phenotype? 

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 100%

Using your knowledge from Genetics- standard 7

In a cross between a hybrid (heterozygous) parent and a homozygous dominant parent, what is the probability that the offspring will show the dominant trait? 

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 100%

What is the process by which DNA copies itself into new cells?

B

C

replication

D

duplication

• translation

• transcription

• replication

• duplication

• None of the above

Why is Gene Therapy considered an effective (helpful) method to treat genetic disorders?

It increases the likelihood (chance) of passing genetic mutations to offspring

B

It enables a diseased cell to self-correct and fix its own defective (non-working) gene

C

It replaces a defective gene with a healthy gene

D

It replicates resistance genes in the cells of unhealthy individuals

• It replicates resistance genes in the cells of unhealthy individuals

• It replaces a defective gene with a healthy gene

• It enables a diseased cell to self-correct and fix its own defective (non-working) gene

• None of the above

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How does the bottleneck effect lead to genetic changes in a population of organisms?

• It causes some genes to be added to a population because there is a small decline in the population due to a natural disaster.

• It causes some genes to be removed from a population because there is a sharp decline in the population due to a natural disaster.

• 
  It causes some genes to be removed from a population because there is a sharp increase in the population due to a natural disaster.

• It causes some genes to be added to a population because there is a sharp decline in the population due to a natural disaster.

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