WH Unit 8

The Enlightenment philosophers inspired later political revolution because of their support for

• mercantilism
• natural rights
• imperialist policies
• divine right of kings

British colonists in the Americas were familiar with limited government because

• many of the Enlightenment philosophes were British
• they had studied the political systems established by American Indian tribes
• the Glorious Revolution had established a constitutional monarchy in Britain
• French soldiers fighting in the American Revolution educated the British about

One similar result of the American and French Revolutions was that in both countries

• the citizens gained more political rights
• the wealth of Catholic Church increased
• the revolution produced a new social order
• the kings were able to maintain absolute power

What is one way that France and the American colonies differed at the onset of their revolutions?

• The French were more nationalistic than the American colonists.
• Americans were committed to nonviolent ways of fighting for change.
• American colonists had already outlawed the practice of enslaving people.
• France suffered more severe economic problems than the American colonists

Which political philosopher of the Age of Enlightenment used his writing to promote toleration and freedom of speech?

• Thomas Hobbes
• Thomas Jefferson
• John Locke
• Voltaire

According to Thomas Hobbes, the social contract involved an exchange of rights for

• a promise of shared economic prosperity
• the commitment of a ruler to be considerate
• the stability of a strong central government
• a guarantee for the protection of individual rights

Jean-Jacques Rousseau proposed the idea that laws should be created by

• a general will of the people
• a representative legislature
• a powerful absolute monarch
• a tribunal of religious leaders

The political revolutions of this era would not have been possible without

• the use of non-violent strategies
• the support of the common people
• the permission of the monarchy
• the support of the aristocracy

The American revolutionaries fought to gain independence from a colonial power, while the French revolutionaries revolted in order to

• spread Enlightenment ideas to all of Europe
• protect the absolutist divine right of the king
• replace the existing political and social order
• create a French empire extending across Europe

A major contributing factor to the start of an independence movement in the American colonies was

• the failure of the colonists to follow the British laws
• a disagreement over the use of enslaved labor in the colonies
• a worsening famine brought about by poor harvests in the colonies
• the lack of representation of the colonists in the British parliament