Genomics - L4

What is cDNA?

• Genomic DNA copied from bacteria
• DNA synthesized from an RNA template
• Double-stranded RNA molecule
• A sequence of protein-coding mRNA

What is PCR?

• A method for inserting DNA into a host
• A way to cut DNA with enzymes
• A method to amplify a specific DNA sequence
• A technique for DNA sequencing

What is Taq polymerase?

• A heat-stable DNA polymerase used in PCR
• An enzyme that degrades RNA
• A bacterial ligase used in cloning
• A eukaryotic DNA-binding protein

Why can't we clone eukaryotic DNA directly into prokaryotes like E. coli?

• E. coli lacks ribosomes
• Eukaryotic DNA contains introns not processed in bacteria
• Bacteria replicate too slowly
• Prokaryotes cannot bind eukaryotic DNA

What is reverse transcriptase?

• A DNA helicase used in PCR
• An RNA-dependent DNA polymerase
• An enzyme that breaks down RNA
• A protein that activates transcription

What does reverse transcriptase do?

• Replicates DNA strands
• Converts RNA into complementary DNA (cDNA)
• Cuts DNA at restriction sites
• Splices introns out of RNA

How does PCR work?

• Using heat, primers, and Taq polymerase to amplify DNA
• Cutting DNA and ligating with enzymes
• Sequencing DNA using fluorescent tags
• Measuring RNA with colorimetric assays

What is RT-PCR?

• Reverse translation from protein to RNA
• A PCR method that uses RNA as a template to make DNA
• A restriction-free cloning technique
• A hybridization assay for DNA

Cloning cDNA from a single mRNA molecule is a type of PCR known as...

• Southern blot
• RT-PCR
• qPCR
• DNA ligation

What are inducible expression vectors?

• Vectors that replicate without a host
• Plasmids with promoters that can be turned on by specific inducers
• RNA molecules that inhibit gene expression
• Vectors only active in viruses