Topic 5.4: Selection of Categories of Psychological Disorders

Hallucinations

• Perceptions in the absence of external stimuli, such as hearing voices or seeing things that are not there.

• A type of dream experienced during sleep.

• A condition where one experiences extreme fatigue and lack of energy.

• A psychological disorder characterized by mood swings.

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

• Symptoms that involve the absence of normal behaviors, such as lack of motivation and social withdrawal.

• Symptoms that involve the presence of abnormal behaviors, such as hallucinations and delusions.

• Symptoms that are primarily emotional, such as depression and anxiety.

• Symptoms that relate to cognitive deficits, such as memory loss and attention difficulties.

Dissociative Identity Disorder

• A disorder characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states.

• A condition where an individual experiences persistent sadness and loss of interest.

• A mental health disorder involving excessive worry and anxiety about various aspects of life.

• A disorder marked by the inability to recall important personal information, usually following a traumatic event.

Taijin Kyofusho

• A Japanese culture-bound syndrome characterized by an intense fear that one's body or bodily functions give offense to others.

• A psychological disorder where individuals fear social interactions due to embarrassment.

• A condition where individuals have an irrational fear of foreign cultures.

• A syndrome that involves an obsession with cleanliness and hygiene.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

• A disorder characterized by persistent and excessive worry about a number of different things.

• A condition marked by sudden episodes of intense fear or discomfort.

• A mental health disorder involving mood swings and changes in energy levels.

• A type of anxiety that occurs only in social situations.

Delusions

• False beliefs held despite evidence to the contrary, often of persecution or grandeur.

• A type of hallucination where the individual sees things that are not present.

• A temporary state of confusion often caused by substance use.

• A psychological condition characterized by extreme mood swings.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

• A disorder characterized by a long-term pattern of disregard for, or violation of, the rights of others.

• A condition marked by excessive social anxiety and fear of judgment.

• A mental health disorder involving mood swings and emotional instability.

• A personality disorder characterized by extreme perfectionism and orderliness.

Word Salad

• A type of salad made with various vegetables.

• A confused or unintelligible mixture of seemingly random words and phrases.

• A dish that consists of mixed fruits and nuts.

• A method of cooking that involves mixing ingredients together.

Flat Affect

• A severe reduction in emotional expressiveness, often seen in people with schizophrenia.

• An exaggerated emotional response to stimuli.

• A complete lack of emotional response in all situations.

• A temporary state of heightened emotional expressiveness.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

• A disorder characterized by unwanted, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions).

• A condition where individuals experience extreme mood swings and emotional instability.

• A mental health disorder marked by persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest.

• A psychological condition involving excessive fear of social situations and avoidance of social interactions.