46. The area labeled X in the drawing above denotes which of the following structures?

• A) Dendrites
• B) Nodes of Ranvier
• C) Axon terminals
• D) Mitochondria
• E) Glial cells

4. A polygraph machine is often called a “lie detector,” although it does not detect lies. Instead, it responds to changes in

• A) cognitive states
• B) autonomic arousal
• C) parasympathetic functioning
• D) motivational level
• E) neurotransmitter level

1. A common psychological effect of alcohol intake is

• A) reduced inhibition
• B) anxiety
• C) enhanced memory
• D) psychosis
• E) heightened creativity

40. The drugs that block the reabsorption of neurotransmitters in the synapse during neural transmission are

• A) SSRIs
• B) benzodiazepines
• C) antipsychotics
• D) antihistamines
• E) stimulants

21. Ted is hiking along a mountain trail when he sees a large snake slithering across the path ahead of him. Which of the following brain structures is most closely associated with Ted’s fear response?

• A) Medulla
• B) Pons
• C) Hippocampus
• D) Amygdala
• E) Angular gyrus

14. Which of the following biological systems is most likely responsible for an increase in heart rate while experiencing anxiety?

• A) The central nervous system
• B) The sympathetic nervous system
• C) The parasympathetic nervous system
• D) The endocrine system
• E) The vestibular system

35. The depletion of which of the following neurotransmitters is most closely associated with the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease?

• A) Dopamine
• B) Acetylcholine
• C) Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
• D) Serotonin
• E) Norepinephrine

29. Damage to which of the following brain structures may cause the inability to detect the emotional significance of facial expressions, especially those demonstrating fear?

• A) Hippocampus
• B) Thalamus
• C) Cerebellum
• D) Hypothalamus
• E) Amygdala

13. The biological clock that operates in human beings to adjust their functioning to night-and-day periodicity is referred to as

• A) spontaneous neural activity
• B) the biofeedback monitor
• C) a fixed-interval schedule
• D) a circadian rhythm
• E) active consciousness

15. Significant damage to which of the following parts of the brain will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken?

• A) Hypothalamus
• B) Frontal lobe
• C) Reticular formation
• D) Amygdala
• E) Thalamus