Cotton, Cattle, Railroads, & Westward Expansion Vocab

Buffalo Soldiers

• Members of the U.S. Cavalry and Infantry who were former slaves and protected settlers from Native attacks.

• A group of Native American warriors who fought against settlers.

• Soldiers who served in the U.S. Army during World War I.

• African American soldiers who fought in the Civil War.

Lawrence Sullivan "Sul" Ross

• Texas Governor who expanded the Texas railroad network, reduced taxes, and promoted immigration.

• A famous Texas Ranger known for his law enforcement skills.

• A prominent Texas cattle rancher in the 19th century.

• An influential Texas senator who opposed secession.

Medicine Lodge Treaty (1867)

• A treaty aimed to establish peace and relocate Native American tribes to reservations in Indian Territory.

• A treaty that granted land rights to European settlers in the West.

• A treaty that ended the Civil War in the United States.

• A treaty that established trade agreements with Native American tribes.

Governor James Hogg

• Created the Texas Railroad Commission and was a former governor of Texas.

• Served as a senator for Texas and established the Texas Education Agency.

• Was the first governor of Texas and signed the Texas Declaration of Independence.

• Founded the Texas Rangers and was known for his law enforcement reforms.

Elisabet Ney

• German sculptor known for abstract art.

• German sculptor who created realistic statues of famous Texas heroes.

• Famous Texas painter of landscapes.

• Texas politician and activist.

Texas Railroad Commission

• Created to prevent railroad corporations from abusing their power.

• Established to regulate air travel in Texas.

• Formed to oversee the state's oil and gas industry.

• Created to manage public transportation systems.

Barbed Wire

• A tool invented by Joseph Glidden to fence off properties owned by ranchers.

• A type of wire used for electrical fencing.

• A decorative wire used in art and crafts.

• A wire used for making jewelry.

Urbanization

• The process of increasing human settlement in cities.

• The decline of rural populations in favor of urban areas.

• The movement of people from cities to rural areas.

• The development of agricultural practices in urban settings.

vaqueros

• Spanish term for cowboy

• A type of traditional dance

• A brand of Mexican cheese

• A style of hat worn by ranchers

Commercial Agriculture

• The practice of growing surplus crops to sell for profit.

• The cultivation of crops solely for personal consumption.

• A method of farming that focuses on organic produce only.

• The process of raising livestock for subsistence farming.