Medieval China Terms

______ is a system of many government officials who carry out government rules and laws.

• autocracy

• democracy

• oligarchy

• bureaucracy

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'bureaucracy' because it refers to a system of government officials who implement and manage laws and regulations, distinguishing it from other forms of governance like autocracy or democracy.

Fill in the blank: A _________ is a highly educated person who passed civil service examinations and worked in the government .

• politician

• scholar-offical

• activist

• consultant

Answer explanation

A scholar-official is a highly educated individual who has successfully passed civil service exams and served in government roles, distinguishing them from politicians, activists, or consultants.

Fill in the blank: A merit system is a system in which people are hired and promoted based on talent and skills, rather than wealth or social ________.

• status

• class

• rank

• position

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'status' because a merit system emphasizes hiring and promotion based on individual abilities rather than on one's social status, which includes wealth and class distinctions.

__________ is the movement of people from rural to urban areas.

• Suburbanization

• Metropolitan migration

• Ruralization

• Urbanization

Answer explanation

Urbanization refers specifically to the movement of people from rural areas to urban centers, leading to the growth of cities. This distinguishes it from suburbanization and other terms that do not capture this specific migration pattern.

Fill in the blank: Economy is the system by which a country's people make a ________.

• living

• profit

• loss

• decision

Answer explanation

The economy is fundamentally about how people earn a living. It encompasses the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, which directly relates to how individuals support themselves financially.

Fill in the blank: ________ is a hard white pottery of extremely fine quality.

• earthenware

• porcelain

• stoneware

• ceramic

Answer explanation

Porcelain is known for its hard, white, and fine quality, making it distinct from earthenware and stoneware, which are less refined. Ceramic is a broader category that includes all types of pottery, but porcelain specifically fits the description.

Fill in the blank: A nomad is a person who moves from place to place without a permanent ________.

• home

• job

• car

• phone

Answer explanation

A nomad is defined by their lifestyle of moving frequently, which means they do not have a permanent home. The other options, such as job, car, or phone, do not capture the essence of a nomadic lifestyle.

Fill in the blank: A steppe is a vast area of ________.

• grasslands

• deserts

• mountains

• forests

Answer explanation

A steppe is characterized by vast areas of grasslands, which are typically flat and covered with grasses. This distinguishes it from deserts, mountains, and forests, making 'grasslands' the correct choice.

Fill in the blank: A _______ is a Mongol ruler.

• Khan
• Chieftain
• Sultan
• Emperor

Answer explanation

A ruler is a leader or sovereign, which directly corresponds to the term for a Mongol leader. The other options, such as warrior, merchant, and farmer, do not specifically denote a ruling position.

Fill in the blank: A despot is a tyrant or ________.

• president

• king

• dictator

• leader

Answer explanation

A despot is synonymous with a dictator, as both terms refer to an absolute ruler who wields oppressive power. While a king or president may have legitimate authority, a dictator rules without regard for laws or individual rights.