Newton's Laws of Motion Concepts

What does Newton's first law of motion state?

• A body at rest will remain at rest and a body in uniform motion will remain in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force.

• The force acting upon an object is equal to the mass of the object times its acceleration.

• For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

• A body in motion will eventually stop due to friction.

According to Newton's second law, what is the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?

• The force acting upon an object is equal to the mass of the object times its acceleration.

• The force acting upon an object is equal to the mass of the object divided by its acceleration.

• The force acting upon an object is equal to the acceleration of the object divided by its mass.

• The force acting upon an object is equal to the mass of the object plus its acceleration.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Which of the following best describes Newton's third law of motion?

• For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

• A body at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an external force.

• The force acting upon an object is equal to the mass of the object times its acceleration.

• A body in motion will continue in motion unless acted upon by an external force.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-1

How is Newton's first law demonstrated in a roller coaster system?

Reference the article that is attached to the quiz

• The roller coaster stays at rest until a force is applied.

• The roller coaster moves up the track with acceleration.

• The roller coaster exerts an upward force on the cart.

• The roller coaster changes direction due to gravity.

What happens according to Newton's third law when you sit in a roller coaster cart?

Reference the article that is attached to the quiz

• The cart exerts an upward force on you, and your body exerts a downward force on the cart.

• The cart moves up the track with acceleration.

• The cart stays at rest until a force is applied.

• The cart changes direction due to gravity.

A class is observing a kickball game. The pitcher rolls the ball toward the kicker. The ball starts to roll but then the force of the grass’s friction stops it. The kicker finally kicks the ball and runs around the bases. The teacher tells the class that Newton’s three laws of motion act simultaneously within this system. Which part of this system BEST represents Newton’s first law?

• The force of the ball on the foot being equal and opposite to the force of the foot on the ball

• The force of friction stopping the ball from rolling

• The mass of the ball and the mass of the kicker’s foot

• The player’s acceleration increasing as they are running around all the bases

A rocket is sitting on a launchpad at rest. During liftoff, flames come out of the end of the rocket and propel it into the air. When the rocket fuel is burned, it gets forced out of the back of the rocket, causing it to leave the ground. During liftoff, the force applied to the rocket increases and this increases the acceleration. How are Newton’s three laws represented by this system? Explain your answer.

• The rocket remains at rest until a force is applied, showing Newton's first law.

• The force of the rocket's fuel is equal and opposite to the force of the ground, showing Newton's third law.

• The acceleration of the rocket increases as the force increases, showing Newton's second law.

• All of the above

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NGSS.HS-PS2-1