Period 5 Review

Which of the following best describes the primary economic difference between the North and South prior to the Civil War?

• The North depended on slavery while the South relied on wage labor

• The North developed an industrial economy while the South remained agricultural

• The South had more urban centers than the North

• The North exported more cotton than the South

Why did Southern states generally oppose tariffs during the early 19th century?

• Tariffs reduced the demand for slave labor

• Tariffs threatened the growth of industrialism in the South

• Tariffs made it more difficult for agricultural exports

• Tariffs encouraged free trade with Europe

The idea of states’ rights was most often used by Southern leaders in the 1850s to:

• Expand federal power over the economy

• Justify their opposition to national infrastructure projects

• Defend the institution of slavery from federal interference

• Support immigration reform

What was the immediate consequence of Abraham Lincoln’s election in 1860?

• The Emancipation Proclamation was issued

• South Carolina and other states seceded from the Union

• The Missouri Compromise was repealed

• John Brown launched his raid on Harpers Ferry

Which of the following best explains why many Southerners feared Lincoln’s presidency?

• Lincoln had promised to end slavery throughout the U.S.

• Lincoln supported the expansion of slavery into the West but wanted to raise tariffs

• Lincoln was viewed as hostile to the economic interests of the South and wanted to stop spread of slavery

• Lincoln wanted to raise tariffs on cotton exports

Which development most directly resulted from the secession of Southern states?

• Passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act

• The start of the Civil War at Fort Sumter

• The end of Reconstruction

• The passage of the Homestead Act

Which advantage did the Confederacy have at the outset of the Civil War?

• Superior naval power

• A larger industrial base

• More experienced army officers

• Control of most national railroads

What was the significance of the Battle of Antietam in 1862?

• It marked the final Confederate invasion of the North

• It allowed Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation

• It was the first Union defeat in the war

• It resulted in the death of Jefferson Davis

Which of the following best explains the Union’s strategy of “total war” as practiced by General Sherman?

• Capturing ports and blockading Confederate trade

• Freeing enslaved people in border states

• Destroying civilian and economic infrastructure to weaken morale

• Negotiating peace treaties with Native Americans

The Union victory at Gettysburg was significant because:

• It ensured Lincoln’s re-election

• It marked a turning point by halting Lee’s invasion of the North

• It ended slavery in the border states

• It forced the Confederacy to surrender