D5 FACE THE CHALLENGE

What is the principle of levelling?

• Working from high to low ground
• Establishing horizontal line of sight
• Using trigonometric functions
• Measuring angles from north

Answer explanation

Levelling is based on establishing a horizontal line of sight to determine elevations.

In plane table surveying, the method used to locate a point by drawing rays from known points is:

• Radiation
• Intersection
• Traversing
• Resection

Answer explanation

In resection, a point is located by sighting known points from the unknown point.

The vertical member placed at the ends of stair strings is known as:

• Tread
• Riser
• Newel post
• Baluster

Answer explanation

Newel post is the vertical support at the start and end of stair flights.

A structure constructed to remove surplus water from a canal is:

• Weir
• Canal fall
• Head regulator
• Escape

Answer explanation

Escape is provided to drain out excess water safely from a canal system.

Which method is used for estimating the cost of large civil projects quickly?

• Plinth area method
• Detailed estimate
• Revised estimate
• Supplementary estimate

Answer explanation

Plinth area method is a rough estimate method based on area and unit rate.

Which pipe is most commonly used for water supply in residential buildings?

• Cast iron
• PVC
• Galvanized iron
• Asbestos cement

Answer explanation

PVC pipes are lightweight, corrosion-resistant and commonly used in residential water supply.

What is the standard domestic per capita water requirement in India as per IS code?

• 65 litres/day
• 85 litres/day
• 135 litres/day
• 200 litres/day

Answer explanation

IS code recommends 135 litres/day per capita for urban domestic consumption.

Which type of line is used to show the hidden edges in technical drawings?

• Continuous thick line
• Dashed line
• Chain line
• Phantom line

Answer explanation

Dashed lines represent hidden or invisible features in a view.

Which of the following is the hardest natural building material?

• Marble
• Slate
• Granite
• Limestone

Answer explanation

Granite is the hardest and most durable natural building material commonly used in construction.

Quick lime is also known as:

• Calcium hydroxide
• Calcium carbonate
• Calcium oxide
• Slaked lime

Answer explanation

Quick lime is calcium oxide (CaO), obtained by calcination of limestone.