Moral Studies

Which of the following best describes the difference between a moral argument and a factual statement?

• A moral argument is based on opinion, while a factual statement is always true.
• A moral argument involves value judgments, while a factual statement describes reality.
• A moral argument cannot be debated, while a factual statement can.
• A moral argument is used in science, while a factual statement is not.

In a moral dilemma, what is the key element that differentiates it from a simple ethical question?

• The dilemma has more than one legal solution.
• The decision affects only the individual.
• The options conflict with each other morally.
• The situation involves breaking the law.

What is the main difference between utilitarianism and deontology?

• Utilitarianism focuses on intentions; deontology focuses on consequences.
• Utilitarianism emphasizes duty; deontology emphasizes results.
• Utilitarianism focuses on consequences; deontology focuses on duties or rules.
• Both are identical in moral reasoning.

Why might ethical relativism be problematic when analyzing international human rights issues?

• It encourages universal moral standards.
• It imposes Western morality on all cultures.
• It denies the possibility of criticizing harmful cultural practices.
• It supports global justice.

In a moral dilemma involving honesty and loyalty, what should a moral analyst first identify?

• The person’s occupation
• The legal rules involved
• The conflicting moral values in play
• The popularity of each option

Which of the following best reflects the concept of moral objectivity?

• Moral truths are based only on emotions.
• Morality depends entirely on culture.
• There are universal moral standards.
• Morality changes with trends.

Analyzing a moral case using virtue ethics would involve focusing on:

• The net happiness produced
• The moral rules applied
• The legal implications
• The character of the person acting

Which question is most useful when analyzing a moral argument?

• How much money was involved?
• What was the weather like?
• Are the premises valid and logically connected to the conclusion?
• Was the action legal?

What distinguishes a moral issue from a non-moral issue?

• Moral issues involve money.
• Moral issues are based on religious texts.
• Moral issues involve judgments about right and wrong.
• Non-moral issues require no reasoning.

Why is the use of empathy important in analyzing moral situations?

• It guarantees a correct solution.
• It allows understanding of how others may feel, adding depth to moral judgment.
• It replaces logical reasoning.
• It prevents all conflicts.