Gluconeogenesis

Which of the following enzymes does NOT participate in gluconeogenesis?

• Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatse

• Pyruvate kinase

• PEP carboxykinase

• Pyruvate carboxylase

• Phosphoglycerate kinase

How many nucleoside triphosphates (ATP + GTP) are required to convert two pyruvate to glucose?

• 0

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 6

Glucose-6-phosphatase is located in the ____ and produces ____

• Mitochondria; lactate

• Cytosol; glucose

• ER; glucose-6-phosphate

• ER; glucose (dephosphorylates G6P)

• Cytosol; glucose-6-phosphate

Gluconeogenesis is not simply reversal of glycolysis since the conversion of 2 pyruvate to glucose bygluconeogenesis requires ___ molecules of ATP/GTP.

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 5

• 6 (4ATP and 2GTP for every 2 pyruvates -> 1 glucose)

The major site of glucose synthesis is:

• Muscle

• Liver

• Brain

• Muscle and liver

• Muscle and brain

Gluconeogensis in __________ provides a source of ___________ for transport in the bloodstream and use by ___________.

• Muscle; glucose-6-phosphate; liver

• Muscle; glucose; liver

• Liver; ATP; brain

• Liver; glucose; brain and muscle

• Liver; glucose-6-phosphate; brain

The reactions of glycolysis that are replaced in gluconeogenesis are those that:

• Are substrate level phosphorylations

• Are oxidation/reduction reactions

• Operate close to equilibrium

• Have large positive Gibbs free energy changes (in the direction of glycolysis).

• Have large negative Gibbs free energy changes (in the direction of glycolysis).

Which of these can act as sources of fuel for energy generation (answers all that apply)

• Glucose

• Pyruvate

• Fatty acids

• Proteins

Which of the following substrates is primarily used in gluconeogenesis to produce glucose?

• Acetyl-CoA

• Oxaloacetate

• Pyruvate

• Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

• Glycerol

What is the primary regulatory enzyme of gluconeogenesis that is inhibited by AMP?

• Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

• Pyruvate carboxylase

• Hexokinase

• PEP carboxykinase

• Glucose-6-phosphatase