APES Unit 9 Global Change

The average temperature of the surface of Earth has increased approximately 1°C in the past century. Which reason best explains this increase in temperature?

• lower levels of ozone in the atmosphere
• lower levels of nitrogen in the atmosphere
• higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
• higher levels of oxygen in the atmosphere

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Describe how changes in the amount of ice covering Earth's surface can affect Earth's temperature.

• more ice, more reflection, cooler temperature
• more ice, less reflection, cooler temperature
• more ice, more absorption, cooler temperature
• more ice, less absorption, warmer temperature

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Which of these gases is the largest anthropogenic contributor to global warming?

• CO₂
• CH₄
• CFCs
• N₂O

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The small town of West Fremont has a population of 50,000.  If the growth rate of West Fremont is 2%, then how long will it take for the population of West Fremont to double?

• 70 years
• 7 years
• 35 years
• 3.5 years

Which of the following best exemplifies a global collaboration to reduce the amount of CFCs released into the atmosphere?

• The Antarctic Treaty of 1961

• The Clean Air Act of 1972

• CERCLA (Superfund)

• The Montreal Protocol

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Which of the following best describes the importance of ozone in the stratosphere to life on Earth?

• Ozone reflects X-rays from the Sun back into space.

• Ozone absorbs most of the ultraviolet radiation from the Sun.

• Ozone helps to moderate surface temperature by absorbing CO2 and CH4.

• Ozone increases mutation rates and accelerates evolution in a variety of species.

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Although levels of CH₄ (methane) in the atmosphere are much lower than those of CO₂ , methane is still potent greenhouse gas because it

• remains in the atmosphere for only a brief time

• lacks natural sources

• is much more efficient at absorbing thermal radiation

• is more difficult to remove from smokestacks and tailpipes

Why is water vapor not considered a significant contributor to global climate change?

• The concentration of water vapor is very low compared to the other gases.

• Water vapor is inefficient at absorbing heat and does not absorb much of the infrared spectrum.

• Trees and other organisms naturally release water vapor during the process of decomposition.

• Water vapor has a relatively short residence time in the atmosphere.

The ocean becomes more _____ with the absorption of excess CO₂

• alkaline

• acidic

• neutral

• shallower

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A species that is dangerously close to extinction

• threatened

• endangered

• least concern

• alien

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