World Cultures- Politics Unit Test Study Guide-Key

What is Monarchy?

• A government ruled by a king or queen, often passed down through a royal family.

• A system where the government is elected by the people.

• A form of government where a single party controls the state.

• A political system where the military holds power.

Answer explanation

Monarchy is defined as a government ruled by a king or queen, typically inherited through a royal family. This distinguishes it from systems where power is derived from elections, single parties, or military control.

What is Communism?

• A system where the government controls all property and means of production, aiming for a classless society.

• A political system where a single party rules and individual freedoms are restricted.

• An economic system where private individuals own and control property and businesses.

• A form of government where power is held by a monarch.

Answer explanation

Communism is defined as a system where the government controls all property and means of production, with the goal of creating a classless society. This distinguishes it from other systems that allow private ownership.

What is Democracy?

• A form of government in which people vote to choose their leaders and have a say in decisions.

• A system where a single ruler makes all the decisions.

• A type of government where the military holds power.

• A form of government where religious leaders control the state.

Answer explanation

Democracy is defined as a form of government where people have the power to vote for their leaders and influence decisions, distinguishing it from systems with centralized power like autocracies or theocracies.

What is Theocracy?

• A government that is run by religious leaders or based on religious law.

• A system where the state is ruled by a king or queen.

• A form of government where power is held by the people, typically through elected representatives.

• A political system where a single party or leader has absolute control.

Answer explanation

Theocracy is defined as a government run by religious leaders or based on religious law, distinguishing it from other forms of governance like monarchy, democracy, or authoritarianism.

What is Diplomacy?

• The practice of managing international relations and solving conflicts through peaceful talks.

• A type of economic policy focused on trade.

• A form of government where power is held by the military.

• A strategy for winning sports competitions.

Answer explanation

Diplomacy is defined as the practice of managing international relations and resolving conflicts through peaceful discussions, making it essential for maintaining global peace and cooperation.

Who were the major players in the Iranian Hostage Crisis?

• Iranian militants, U.S. Embassy workers, Ayatollah Khomeini, U.S. President Jimmy Carter.

• Iranian students, U.S. military, Shah of Iran, U.S. President Ronald Reagan.

• Iranian government, U.S. Congress, Ayatollah Khomeini, U.S. Vice President.

• Iranian militants, U.S. civilians, Ayatollah Khomeini, U.S. Secretary of State.

Answer explanation

The major players in the Iranian Hostage Crisis included Iranian militants who took the hostages, U.S. Embassy workers who were held captive, Ayatollah Khomeini as a key figure in Iran, and U.S. President Jimmy Carter who managed the crisis.

Why were hostages taken during the Iranian Hostage Crisis?

• Because the U.S. refused to return the Shah of Iran, who was in the U.S. for medical treatment.

• To negotiate a trade deal with the U.S.

• As a response to U.S. sanctions on Iran.

• To gain international recognition for the new Iranian government.

Answer explanation

Hostages were taken because the U.S. refused to return the Shah of Iran, who was in the U.S. for medical treatment. This act was a direct response to perceived U.S. support for the Shah, which angered the Iranian revolutionaries.

What were the Tiananmen Square protests?

• A student-led protest in China demanding more democratic freedoms and political reforms.

• A celebration of Chinese New Year in Beijing.

• A military parade showcasing China's defense capabilities.

• An annual cultural festival held in Tiananmen Square.

Answer explanation

The Tiananmen Square protests were a significant student-led movement in China during 1989, advocating for democratic freedoms and political reforms, making the first answer choice the correct one.

Match the following:

• Joseph Stalin

• Iran

• Ayatollah Khomeini

• Soviet Union

• Mao Zedong

• China

What happened after the collapse of the Soviet Union?

• It split into 15 independent countries, ending the Cold War and the era of communist control in Eastern Europe.

• The Soviet Union expanded its territory into Western Europe.

• The Soviet Union was replaced by a single new country called the Russian Empire.

• The Soviet Union continued to exist under a new name.

Answer explanation

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, it split into 15 independent countries, marking the end of the Cold War and the decline of communist control in Eastern Europe, which is accurately reflected in the correct answer.