DATA GATHERING

What term refers to the process of collecting information for analysis in a research study?

• Data Interpretation

• Data Gathering

• Hypothesis Testing

• Literature Review

Which of the following are common data gathering procedures in research?

• Editing, Publishing, Referencing, and Reviewing

• Surveys/Questionnaires, Interviews, Observations, and Experiments

• Title Making, Abstract Writing, Citation Formatting, and Analysis

• Title Making, Abstract Writing, Citation Formatting, and Analysis

Which of the following are important aspects to consider when evaluating the quality of a research study?

• Time Management, Budget Planning, and Scheduling

• Reliability, Validity, and Ethical Considerations

• Writing Abstracts, Data Entry, and Citations

• Formatting, Proofreading, and Publishing

• means that participants are fully aware of the research, its purpose, and any potential risks before agreeing to participate.
• Scenario: Before taking part in a medical study, participants are given a clear explanation of the procedure and risks, and they sign a consent form indicating their agreement.

• Informed Consent

•  Confidentiality and Privacy

• Minimizing Harm

• refer to protecting participants' personal information and ensuring that their data is not disclosed without consent.
• Scenario: A researcher storing survey data in a secure, password-protected file to ensure that participant responses remain anonymous.

• Informed Consent

•  Confidentiality and Privacy

• Minimizing Harm

• involves ensuring that participants are not subjected to physical, psychological, or emotional distress during or after the study.
• Scenario: A psychologist conducting a stress-related study takes precautions to provide counseling to participants who might feel uncomfortable during the experiment.

• Informed Consent

•  Confidentiality and Privacy

• Minimizing Harm

• means that individuals freely choose whether or not to take part in a research study, without coercion or pressure.
•Scenario: Students are informed that their participation in a survey is completely voluntary, and they can choose not to answer any question they are uncomfortable with.

• Voluntary Participation

•  Respect for cultural sensitivity

• 1. Data management and retention

• involves being aware of and considerate toward the cultural backgrounds, beliefs, and values of participants.
• Scenario: A researcher conducting a global survey on health beliefs ensures the language used in the questionnaire is culturally appropriate and does not offend participants from different backgrounds.

• Voluntary Participation

•  Respect for cultural sensitivity

• 1. Data management and retention

• refer to properly handling, storing, and maintaining research data in a way that protects its integrity and meets legal or institutional requirements.
• Scenario: A researcher securely stores collected data in a locked database and retains it for the required number of years before safely disposing of it.

• Voluntary Participation

•  Respect for cultural sensitivity

• 1. Data management and retention

Which of the following actions are essential for proper data gathering in research?

• Follow the plan, ensure ethical practices, record data accurately, monitor for bias, maintain flexibility
  

• Ignore the plan, ensure data is collected quickly, avoid ethical considerations, record data loosely, be rigid with methods

• Focus only on data accuracy, avoid flexibility, and ignore bias

• Skip ethical practices, focus on speed, monitor for bias selectively, and disregard data accuracy