4.4 & 4.5 Theories of personality (new)

The Unconscious

• Repressed thoughts, feelings, desires influencing behavior.

• Conscious awareness of thoughts and feelings.

• A state of complete mental clarity and focus.

• The ability to recall memories at will.

Rorschach Inkblots

• Projective test using inkblot interpretations.

• Standardized questionnaire for personality assessment.

• Behavioral observation technique for children.

• Cognitive test measuring memory recall.

Social-Cognitive Theory

• Emphasizes interaction of cognition, behavior, and environment.

• Focuses solely on environmental influences.

• Ignores cognitive processes in learning.

• Relies exclusively on behavioral responses.

The Big Five

• Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism

• Honesty, Integrity, Loyalty, Empathy

• Creativity, Intelligence, Charisma, Resilience

• Confidence, Motivation, Discipline, Patience

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

• Subjective personality test focusing on emotional intelligence.

• Objective personality test assessing traits and psychopathology.

• Projective test analyzing unconscious motives.

• Behavioral assessment measuring response patterns.

Displacement

• Redirecting feelings to a safer target.

• Expressing emotions openly and directly.

• Ignoring feelings to avoid conflict.

• Transferring feelings to a more appropriate context.

The Preconscious

• Easily retrievable thoughts and memories.

• Thoughts that are currently in focus.

• Unconscious desires and fears.

• Memories that are forgotten and inaccessible.

Regression

• Retreating to an earlier developmental stage.

• Advancing to a more complex stage of development.

• Maintaining the current level of development.

• Completely abandoning previous developmental stages.

Reaction Formation

• Acting opposite to true feelings.

• Expressing true feelings openly.

• Ignoring one's feelings completely.

• Overreacting to a situation.

Person-Situation Controversy

• Debate on the influence of traits vs. situations on behavior.

• Discussion on the role of genetics in personality development.

• Examination of how social media affects interpersonal relationships.

• Analysis of cognitive biases in decision-making.