Sedimentary Rocks

What kind of rock is formed when debris is buried, compresses and cemented together? 

• Metmaorphic

• Magma

• Sedimetnary

• Igneous

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'Sedimentary' rock, which forms when debris is buried, compressed, and cemented together. This process distinguishes sedimentary rocks from igneous and metamorphic rocks, which form through different processes.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Fossils are only found in sedimentary rocks.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Fossils are primarily found in sedimentary rocks because these rocks form in layers that can preserve organic material. Therefore, the statement is true.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

The process of squeezing sediments together in layers:

• compaction

• weathering

• cementation

• deposition 

Answer explanation

Compaction is the process of squeezing sediments together in layers, reducing their volume and increasing density. This distinguishes it from other processes like weathering, cementation, and deposition.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

What factors can lead to the formation of a sedimentary rock?

• melting and solidification

• extreme heat and pressure

• compaction and cementation

Answer explanation

Sedimentary rocks form primarily through compaction and cementation of sediments. This process involves the accumulation of particles that are pressed together and then bound by minerals, distinguishing it from igneous and metamorphic rocks.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

What is the correct order of making and dropping off of sediments?

• weathering, erosion, deposition 

• erosion, weathering, deposition

• weathering, deposition , erosion

Answer explanation

The correct order is weathering, erosion, and then deposition. Weathering breaks down rocks, erosion transports the sediments, and deposition is where the sediments are dropped off.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

The process by which running water, wind, or ice carry away bits of broken-up rock:

• weathering

• sediment

• erosion

• cememtation

Answer explanation

The process described is called erosion, which involves the movement of soil and rock by water, wind, or ice. Weathering refers to the breaking down of rocks, while sediment is the material being transported. Cementation is a different process.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Which layer of sedimentary rock is the oldest?

• A

• B

• D

• F

Answer explanation

Layer A is the oldest sedimentary rock because sedimentary layers are formed in chronological order, with the oldest layers at the bottom. Therefore, A, being the lowest layer, is the correct answer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue sediment together:

• compaction

• deposition

• organic sedimentary rock

• cementation

Answer explanation

Cementation is the process where dissolved minerals crystallize and bind sediment together, forming sedimentary rock. This distinguishes it from compaction and deposition, which involve different mechanisms of sediment formation.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

What causes the pressure necessary to form sedimentary rocks?

• chemicals in the rock

• temperatures inside the Earth

• weight from sediments above

• water flowing over rock

Answer explanation

The pressure necessary to form sedimentary rocks is primarily caused by the weight from sediments above. As layers accumulate, their weight compresses the lower layers, leading to rock formation.

When an agent of erosion loses energy, it drops sediments:

• Desalination

• Disagregation

• Deposition

• Delimination

Answer explanation

When an agent of erosion loses energy, it can no longer carry sediments, leading to their accumulation. This process is known as deposition, where sediments are dropped and settle in a new location.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2