APES Unit 9 Test 1

Greenhouse warming potential (GWP)

• An estimate of how much a molecule of any compound can contribute to global warming over a period of 100 years relative to one molecule of CO2.

• A measure of the amount of heat trapped by a greenhouse gas compared to CO2 over a 20-year period.

• The total amount of carbon dioxide emissions produced by a country in a year.

• A calculation of the energy efficiency of a greenhouse gas in comparison to methane.

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-6

NGSS.HS-ESS3-5

Stratospheric ozone depletion is most likely to result in which of the following?

• Increased growth of food crops due to increasing amounts of ultraviolet radiation

• A higher percentage of cloudless days

• Increased movement of the human population toward equatorial regions

• Disruption of photosynthesis in plants

• Extended grazing season for cattle

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NGSS.HS-LS1-5

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

NGSS.HS-LS2-6

Which of the following best identifies the reason that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) were banned in 1996 by the Montreal Protocol?

• CFCs increased acid deposition in northern latitudes.

• CFCs increased the rates of cancer in workers in mining operations.

• CFCs led to a spike in the number of respiratory illnesses diagnosed in children.

• CFCs led to the destruction of stratospheric ozone.

All of the following gases have been implicated in contributing to the increase in global temperature via the greenhouse effect EXCEPT

• O2

• CH4

• N2O

• CO2

• CFCs

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-6

NGSS.HS-ESS3-5

Possible effects of a warmer atmosphere include which of the following?

I. Expanded ranges of tropical diseases

II. More intense hurricanes and typhoons

III. Increased crop damage from pests and diseases

• I only

• II only

• I and II

• II and III

• I, II, and III

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NGSS.HS-ESS3-5

Which of the following is part of a positive feedback mechanism associated with global climate change?

• Increased cloudiness caused by more moisture in the atmosphere

• Melting of Arctic sea ice

• Increased growth of CO₂ -absorbing trees and grasses

• Increased acidity of seawater

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-2

NGSS.HS-ESS3-5

Which of the following best describes the primary cause of global ocean warming?

• Increased number of animal species using ocean gyres for migration

• Increased movement from the ocean floor (upwelling) during La Niña events

• Increased thermal pollution in rivers and streams near power plants and industrial manufacturers

• Increased global temperature from an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

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NGSS.HS-ESS3-5

Which of the following best describes how an anthropogenic activity can increase ocean acidification?

• Emissions from power plants that burn fossil fuels increase atmospheric carbon dioxide, which is absorbed by the ocean.

• A spill from an oil rig in the ocean can have acute toxic effects on fish and other aquatic organisms, which disrupt the aquatic food web.

• Tourist activities in coastal areas increase the concentration of sunscreen in the water, which decreases the photosynthetic rates of aquatic producers and increases the pH of the ocean.

• During and after a major volcanic eruption, large amounts of greenhouse gases, aerosols, and ash are released into the stratosphere, which affects global climate.

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-6

Coral bleaching can be hazardous to some fish species because

• decomposition of corals can lead to ocean acidification

• coral reefs provide unique habitats for fish

• the dead corals attract predators that feed on the fish

• the corals are the primary source of O2 in ocean water

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NGSS.HS-LS2-6

NGSS.HS-LS2-7

Reasons that the population size of an exotic species often grows rapidly when the species is introduced in a new environment include which of the following?

I. The exotic species is resistant to pesticides.

II. There is a large, underutilized food source in the new environment.

III. The exotic species has few natural predators in the new environment.

• I only

• III only

• II and III

• I and III

• I and II

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NGSS.HS-LS2-1

NGSS.HS-LS4-5