Among irregular galaxies, what makes the Large and Small Magellanic Cloud especially useful for astronomers?

they are (for galaxies) very close to us, so they are easy to study

they are among the biggest irregular galaxies ever found

they have a regular shape, but it is so complicated it was hard to figure out

they do not contain any young stars at all, only really old ones

their shape resembles a map of Bayonne, New Jersey

A graduate student in astronomy needs to measure the mass of a spiral galaxy she is studying for her PhD thesis. Which of the following observations would be important for her to make?

obtain the speed at which stars or gas near the outer regions of the galaxy are moving around

determine whether or not there is evidence for a massive black hole at the galaxy's center

construct an H-R diagram for a prominent open cluster in the galaxy's disk

measure the gamma-ray emission from the galaxy

compare the overall color of the galaxy to other galaxies of the same type

Which of the following statements about the different types (shapes) of galaxies is correct?

collisions and mergers between galaxies can sometimes change a galaxy’s type (shape)

whatever type a galaxy is at its birth, that’s what it will be for all time

all galaxies start out as ellipticals, but some later evolve to be spirals and irregulars

90% of all galaxies are spirals (including our Milky Way); the other two types are very unusual

what type we see a galaxy to be just depends on the angle at which we happen to see it; all galaxies look roughly the same in shape

Which is one reason that the typical galaxy’s mass-to-light ratio (in units of the Sun’s mass over the Sun’s luminosity) generally greater than 1?

galaxies contain many more stars that shine much less brightly than the Sun

galaxies contain mostly stars much brighter than the Sun

galaxies contain mostly stars much more massive than the Sun

most of the mass in a galaxy is in the form of dust

this is an unsolved problem in astronomy; scientists have no clue

If a galaxy contains a great deal of “dark matter,” what will that do the galaxy’s mass-to-light ratio?

not affect it in any way (since it’s dark matter)

If a galaxy contains a great deal of dark matter, then, compared to the mass-to-light ratio of the inner part, the mass-to-light ratio of the whole galaxy will be

it depends on the type of galaxy

it depends on the galaxy's red-shift

Types of Galaxies

Authored by Kristin Moore

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11th Grade

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 7 pts

spiral

elliptical

irregular

barred spiral

all of the above consist almost entirely of old stars

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Types of Galaxies

Our Milky Way Galaxy is what type of galaxy?

Which type of galaxy is observed to contain mostly older stars?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a spiral galaxy?

About two thirds of the nearby spiral galaxies (which we can study in more detail) don’t have a round central bulge, but instead show

The type of galaxy that sometimes has a distinct bar of stars running across the central region is

Edwin Hubble developed a classification scheme for galaxies. By what characteristic did he classify galaxies?

The type of galaxy that consists almost entirely of old stars and is thus less blue (more yellow and reddish) than the other types is:

Which type of galaxy is very difficult to see, but (astronomers recently realized) may be very common?

Among irregular galaxies, what makes the Large and Small Magellanic Cloud especially useful for astronomers?

A graduate student in astronomy needs to measure the mass of a spiral galaxy she is studying for her PhD thesis. Which of the following observations would be important for her to make?

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