Biotechnology Vocabulary

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A disorder that is caused by an error in the DNA sequence or by the presence or absence of specific alleles

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genetic disorder

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A technique used in DNA fingerprinting and other processes in which molecules migrate through a gel (such as a polyacrylamide gel) and separate into bands according to size

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gel electrophoresis

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A cell, cell product, or organism that is genetically identical to the unit or individual from which it was derived

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clone

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The deliberate modification of the DNA sequence of an organism by using genetic techniques

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genetic engineering

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An organism whose genetic characteristics have been altered by the insertion of a modified gene or a gene from another organism using the techniques of genetic engineering

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transgenic organism

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The application of genetic engineering to the transplantation of genes into human cells in order to cure a disease caused by a genetic defect

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gene therapy

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The complete set of genes or genetic material in a cell or organism

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genome

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The precise ordering of nucleotides within a DNA molecule

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DNA sequences

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An organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques

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genetically modified organism

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Segments of DNA that code for protein or functional RNA.

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genes