1.Malian Emperor Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324 can best be understood in the context of which of the following?

• The expansion of Islam throughout Afro-Eurasia

• The development of new transportation technologies

• The diffusion of African culture to the Middle East

• The territorial expansion of West African empires

Ibn Battuta traveled widely across the Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Africa in the

fourteenth century. His travels serve as evidence for the

• unifying influence of Islam

• excellent condition of roads in Africa and Asia

• political unity of Africa and Asia

• widespread use of paper money

The map shows which of the following empires at its greatest extent?

• The empire of Alexander the Great

• The Mongol Empire

• The Russian Empire

• The Byzantine Empire

Based on the maps and your knowledge of world history, which of the following best describes the effect of the spread of Islam on Indian Ocean trade?

• It led to the expansion and intensification of commerce along already existing trade routes.

• It led to the disappearance of previously established trade networks.

• It led to an expansion of land-based caravan trade but also to a decline of maritime trade.

• It led to the first creation of trade links between previously isolated world regions.

The photograph below shows a fourteenth century C.E. mosque in the city of Xi’an, central China. This image most clearly supports which of the following conclusions about the spread of Islam?

• Early Muslim communities in China adopted local architectural styles for their religious buildings.

• Political instability in fourteenth-century China encouraged the spread of Islam.

• Islam spread to China before Buddhism did.

• Early Muslim communities in China disguised their mosques as Confucian academies.

A significant example of the interaction among Indian, Arab, and European societies by 1200 C.E. was the transfer of knowledge of

• iron and copper mining techniques

• the flying shuttle and spinning jenny

• the science of optics and lens design

• numerals and the decimal system

Based on the content of the inscription, Adityawarman’s Malayapura kingdom most likely participated in the communication and exchange networks of the

• Swahili city-states and the Arabian Peninsula

• maritime eastern Indian Ocean trade

• overland Silk Roads

• islands of Polynesia

During the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, territories under Mongol control benefited from which of the following?

• Widespread adoption of Confucian family hierarchies

• Trade that facilitated the spread of Christianity throughout the Indian Ocean region

• Trade that tied several distinct regional networks together

• Widespread adoption of Buddhist religious practices

The development of Indian Ocean trade routes in the period 600 B.C.E. to 600 C.E. and the development of transatlantic trade routes in the period 1450 C.E. to 1600 C.E. were similar in that both depended on

• the impetus of missionizing religions

• understanding of currents and wind patterns

• the political consolidation of newly conquered regions into empires

• innovations in ship design that originated in Europe

The establishment of the Mongol Empire directly facilitated which of the following?

• Increased cultural and technological exchange between the Islamic world and China

• The development of Mongolian as the primary written language of administration across most of Eurasia

• The spread of Persian culture into Central Asia

• Improved ship designs and navigation techniques for oceanic commerce