Biology Milestone Review #2

How does deforestation affect carbon dioxide levels?

• Deforestation decreases carbon dioxide levels by increasing photosynthesis.

• Deforestation has no effect on carbon dioxide levels.

• Deforestation increases carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere due to decreased photosynthesis, as fewer trees are available to absorb CO2.

• Deforestation reduces the amount of oxygen produced, leading to higher carbon dioxide levels.

What is respiration in biological terms?

• Respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, producing carbon dioxide and water as byproducts.

• Respiration is the process of breathing in and out air to maintain oxygen levels in the body.

• Respiration is the conversion of sunlight into chemical energy in plants.

• Respiration is the breakdown of food into smaller molecules for absorption.

What is the significance of genetic mutations?

• They have no impact on an organism's traits.

• They can lead to variations in traits, affecting survival and reproduction.

• They only occur in humans and not in other species.

• They are always harmful to the organism.

What is a point mutation?

• A change in a single nucleotide in a DNA sequence, which can result in a different amino acid being incorporated into a protein.

• A large-scale alteration in the structure of a chromosome.

• A mutation that occurs in the regulatory region of a gene, affecting its expression.

• A change in the entire DNA sequence of an organism.

What is a frameshift mutation?

• A genetic mutation caused by insertions or deletions of nucleotides that shifts the reading frame of the genetic code.

• A mutation that occurs when a single nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide.

• A mutation that results in the addition of extra nucleotides without affecting the reading frame.

• A type of mutation that only affects non-coding regions of DNA.

What is the genetic code?

• A set of rules for translating genetic information into proteins.

• A sequence of amino acids in a protein.

• The process of DNA replication.

• A type of RNA molecule.

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?

• It generates energy for the cell through cellular respiration.

• It sorts, modifies, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

• It synthesizes ribosomes for protein production.

• It acts as a barrier to protect the cell from external threats.

What is the difference between commensalism and parasitism?

• In commensalism, one organism benefits while the other is harmed; in parasitism, both organisms benefit.

• In commensalism, one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed; in parasitism, one organism benefits at the expense of the other.

• In commensalism, both organisms are harmed; in parasitism, one organism benefits while the other is harmed.

• In commensalism, both organisms benefit; in parasitism, one organism is harmed while the other is unaffected.

What is mutualism?

• A type of relationship where one species benefits and the other is harmed.

• A type of symbiotic relationship where both species benefit from the interaction, such as the wrasse and moray eel.

• A relationship where both species are indifferent to each other.

• A type of relationship where both species compete for resources.

What is the importance of homeostasis in living organisms?

• Homeostasis is the maintenance of stable internal conditions in an organism, essential for survival and proper functioning.

• Homeostasis allows organisms to grow larger and stronger than their environment.

• Homeostasis is the process of adapting to external environmental changes only.

• Homeostasis is the ability to reproduce without external influences.