Unit 0: Research Methods AP Psychology

A flawed sampling process that produces an unrepresentative sample

• confidence bias

• sampling bias

• generalizability

• inferential bias

A testable prediction, often implied by a theory

• null hypothesis

• hypothesis

• empirical evidence

• reliability

A statistical index of the relationship between 2 things (from -1.00 to +1.00)

• third variable

• correlation coefficient

• statistical significance

• independent variable

A statistical statement of how likely it is that a result occurred by chance.

• hypothesis

• meta analysis

• statistical significance

• bimodal distribution

The tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence

• hindsight bias

• confirmation bias

• overconfidence

• illusory correlation

In an experiment, the outcome that is measured; the variable that may change

• dependent variable

• independent variable

• third variable

• confounding variable

In an experiment, a factor other than the factor being studied that might influence a study's results

• third variable

• independent variable

• dependent variable

• confounding variable

A non-experimental technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles.

• peer review

• case study

• focus group

• naturalistic observation

A non-experimental technique for obtaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group

• focus group

• case study

• interview

• survey

The extent to which a test or experiment measures what it is supposed to measure or predicts what it is supposed to

• reliability

• falsifiable

• validity

• overconfidence