The punishment given to a person convicted of a crime, typically determined by a judge and based on the severity of the offense.

The act of being confined in a prison or jail, typically as punishment for a crime.

: The reason behind a person's actions, especially in the context of a criminal act.

A group of people selected to hear a trial and render a verdict based on the evidence presented.

The person who commits a crime or wrongdoing.

The formal decision or finding made by a jury at the conclusion of a trial, determining the defendant's guilt or innocence.

Someone who testifies in court about what they know or have seen related to the case.

A legal representative who presents the case against the defendant in a criminal trial, seeking to prove their guilt.

A request for a higher court to review and possibly change the decision of a lower court.

A formal declaration by a court that someone is guilty of a criminal offense, often resulting in a sentence.