Emergency Medical Response Quiz

The patient’s blood pressure is 170/90 mm Hg, pulse is 110 beats/min, respiratory rate is 22 breaths/min and labored, and oxygen saturation is 75%. Auscultation of his lung sounds reveals coarse crackles bilaterally. Which of the following should be your MOST immediate action?

• Auscultate his lung sounds.

• Assess his oxygen saturation.

• Position him so that he is sitting up.

• Apply oxygen via nonrebreathing mask.

The patient’s blood pressure is 170/90 mm Hg, pulse is 110 beats/min, respiratory rate is 22 breaths/min and labored, and oxygen saturation is 75%. Auscultation of his lung sounds reveals coarse crackles bilaterally. What should you do?

• Ventilate him with a bag-mask device.

• Begin treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).

• Position him supine and transport.

• Administer oxygen via nasal cannula.

Which of the following is a sign of inadequate ventilation?

• Shallow chest rise during inhalation

• Oxygen saturation of 98% or less

• Respiratory rate of 20 breaths/min

• Frequent coughing with phlegm production

In which of the following situations is CPAP therapy contraindicated?

• Agonal respirations

• Acute bronchospasm

• Congestive heart failure

• Oxygen saturation less than 85%

Prior to applying the CPAP device, you must ensure that:

• the patient has shallow respirations.

• the patient can follow verbal commands.

• the patient’s breath sounds are clear to auscultation.

• the patient’s heart rate is no greater than 110 beats/min.

Your patient, who has congestive heart failure, is experiencing a ventilation/perfusion mismatch because:

• the bronchioles in his lungs are severely constricted.

• a large proportion of his alveoli are totally collapsed.

• blood return to the right side of the heart is reduced.

• oxygen is unable to diffuse into and out of the alveoli.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Which of the following is a potential cause of an inaccurate pulse oximetry reading?

• Hypertension

• Warm temperature

• Severe anemia

• Chronic kidney disease

An end-tidal carbon dioxide reading of 70 mm Hg indicates that:

• the patient is breathing too rapidly.

• the patient is breathing too deeply.

• the patient is breathing too slowly.

• no co2 is being made in the cells.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

During treatment of your patient with CPAP, you note that he is becoming cyanotic. He appears tired and is not answering your questions. His oxygen saturation is 72%. What should you do?

• Increase the CPAP pressure by 10 cm H2O.

• Begin ventilation with a bag-mask device.

• Call for a paramedic to perform intubation.

• Insert an oropharyngeal airway.

Recalling how your patient presented (respiratory distress and hypoxemia), the primary origin of his problem was failure of:

• the airway.

• ventilation.

• oxygenation.

• perfusion.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7