APWH: Modern Unit 6 Vocabulary

Hong Xiuqyan

• The leader of the Taiping Rebellion against the Qing Dynasty, establishing the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom over varying portions of southern China.

• A famous Chinese philosopher known for his teachings on Confucianism.

• The last emperor of the Qing Dynasty who ruled during the fall of imperial China.

• A prominent military general during the Opium Wars.

Suez Canal

• A natural waterway in Egypt that connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea.

• A man-made waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea, allowing for more direct shipping between Europe and Asia.

• A river that flows through Egypt and connects to the Mediterranean Sea.

• A canal in Europe that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea.

California Gold Rush

• A massive pull factor in the 1800's where rapid movement of people to a newly discovered goldfield.

• A significant event in the 1900's that led to the establishment of new states.

• A cultural movement that promoted the arts and literature in California.

• An economic downturn that caused many people to leave California.

Balkan Independence

• The process of the Balkan states gaining independence from the Ottoman Empire during the 19th and early 20th centuries.

• A military conflict between the Balkan states and the Ottoman Empire.

• A cultural movement aimed at promoting Balkan art and literature.

• An economic alliance formed by Balkan states to trade with Europe.

David Livingstone

• A Scottish physician and explorer in Africa.

• A famous painter from the Renaissance period.

• An American politician known for his speeches.

• A British scientist who discovered penicillin.

Scramble for Africa

• The invasion and colonization of African territory by European powers between 1881 and 1914.

• A peaceful agreement between African nations to share resources.

• The establishment of trade routes between Africa and Asia.

• The unification of African tribes against European colonization.

Nationalism

• A political, social, and/or ethnic ideology that emphasizes the interests and extreme pride in a country.

• A belief in the superiority of one race over another.

• A system of government where power is held by a single ruler.

• An economic theory advocating for free markets and minimal government intervention.

Opium Wars

• Two wars in the mid-19th century involving Anglo-Chinese disputes over British trade and British importation of opium in China and China's sovereignty.

• A series of treaties that ended the Qing dynasty's rule in China.

• Conflicts between the United States and China over trade policies in the 20th century.

• A diplomatic negotiation between Britain and China regarding tea trade.

Sepoy Mutiny

• A successful revolt against the British East India Company in 1857

• A major uprising in India in 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company

• A peaceful protest by Indian soldiers in 1857

• An uprising in India that led to the establishment of British rule

Open Door Policy

• A policy that allowed the United States to control trade in China exclusively.

• A term used to describe the United States' approach to foreign affairs in the late 19th century and early 20th century that promoted equal trade access for all countries in China.

• A strategy to isolate China from foreign influence during the late 19th century.

• A diplomatic agreement between the United States and European powers to divide China into spheres of influence.